Bailey K G, Wood H E
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23284, USA.
Br J Med Psychol. 1998 Dec;71(4):509-23. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1998.tb01006.x.
The idiom of kinship is a powerful one that stretches across many levels of social behaviour (van den Berghe, 1979), and Daly, Salmon & Wilson (1997) recently outlined the basic principles of a comprehensive, evolution-based kinship psychology. Their approach merges traditional kinship theory, Hamilton's inclusive fitness model and the broader realm of evolutionary psychology into an exciting and provocative call to arms. They address biological, psychological (viz. fictive kinship) and kin-like levels of analysis, and they argue for a relationship-specific kinship psychology that deals with the particular demands of being a mother, father, mate, offspring or grandparent. Our particular approach to kinship psychology has focused primarily on the distinction between biological kinship and psychological kinship (Bailey, 1988; Bailey & Wood, 1993; Nava & Bailey, 1991), and more recently on the role of kin-like relations in psychotherapy and other social contexts (Bailey, 1997a; Wood, 1997). The kin-like category is especially noteworthy in modern industrialized countries where acquaintanceships and stranger-to-stranger interactions often predominate over biological and psychological kinships (Ahern & Bailey, 1997).
亲属关系的表述是一种强大的表述，它贯穿于社会行为的多个层面（范登伯格，1979），并且戴利、萨尔蒙和威尔逊（1997）最近概述了一种全面的、基于进化的亲属关系心理学的基本原则。他们的方法将传统亲属关系理论、汉密尔顿的广义适合度模型以及进化心理学的更广泛领域融合在一起，成为一个令人兴奋且具有启发性的战斗号召。他们探讨了生物学、心理学（即拟亲属关系）以及类似亲属关系的分析层面，并主张建立一种针对特定关系的亲属关系心理学，以应对作为母亲、父亲、配偶、后代或祖父母所面临的特殊需求。我们对亲属关系心理学的独特方法主要集中在生物学亲属关系和心理学亲属关系之间的区别上（贝利，1988；贝利和伍德，1993；纳瓦和贝利，1991），最近则集中在类似亲属关系在心理治疗和其他社会背景中的作用上（贝利，1997a；伍德，1997）。在现代工业化国家，类似亲属关系这一类别尤其值得注意，在这些国家，相识关系和陌生人之间的互动往往比生物学和心理学上的亲属关系更为普遍（埃亨和贝利，1997）。
