Sardana Kavita, Bergstrom John C, Bowker J M
TERI University, Department of Policy Studies, 10, Institutional Area, New Delhi, India.
Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
J Environ Manage. 2016 Dec 1;183(Pt 3):972-979. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.09.050. Epub 2016 Sep 26.
In this study we estimate selected visitors' demand and value for recreational trips to settings such as developed vs. undeveloped sites in U.S. national forests in the Southern United States using the travel cost method. The setting-based approach allows for valuation of multi-activity trips to particular settings. The results from an adjusted Poisson lognormal estimator corrected for truncation and endogenous stratification reveal that economic value per trip estimates are higher for wilderness compared to day-use developed settings, overnight-use developed settings, and general forest areas. Estimates of these economic values are important to resource managers because their management decisions and actions typically control recreational settings. For example, managers control developed campground capacity in a national forest, but typically not the number of campers below the capacity constraint and the number and types of activities visitors engage in during a multi-activity trip to a developed campground (within limits since some activities such as discharging a firearm are not permitted in a developed campground).
在本研究中，我们使用旅行成本法估算了美国南部国家森林中选定游客对前往已开发与未开发场地等环境进行休闲旅行的需求和价值。基于场地的方法能够对前往特定场地的多活动旅行进行估值。经截断和内生分层校正的调整泊松对数正态估计器的结果显示，与日间使用的已开发场地、过夜使用的已开发场地和一般森林区域相比，荒野旅行的每次旅行经济价值估计更高。这些经济价值的估计对资源管理者很重要，因为他们的管理决策和行动通常会控制休闲场地。例如，管理者控制国家森林中已开发露营地的容量，但通常无法控制容量限制以下的露营者数量以及游客在前往已开发露营地的多活动旅行中参与的活动数量和类型（在一定范围内，因为在已开发露营地不允许进行诸如开枪等某些活动）。
