Halvari H, Healey J, Olafsen A H, Byrkjeland R, Deci E L, Williams G C
Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
School of Business and Social Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway, Hønefoss, Norway.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2017 Nov;27(11):1454-1469. doi: 10.1111/sms.12757. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
This study tested a physical activity intervention and the self-determination theory (SDT) process model of health-behavior change and health among 108 adult patients with both diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Patients were randomly assigned to an organized physical activity intervention group (led by instructors) or a non-physical activity control group. At baseline and after 12 months, we measured the following: needs satisfaction, autonomous and controlled motivation for physical activity, perceived competence for physical activity and blood sugar testing, physical activity and blood sugar testing, body weight, glucose control (HbA1c), and self-perceptions of general health and vitality. The intervention produced, as hypothesized, significant changes in all study variables in favor of the experimental group (Cohen's d effect sizes: 0.23-0.72), except the non-significant result for controlled motivation and body weight. The data supported the SDT process model, in which the effect of the intervention significantly predicted indirect changes in behavior and health through motivation variables. Considering the moderate to large effects on increases in motivation, behavior, and health, promoting organized physical activity programs that are perceived as need-supportive may have important health implications for patients with DM2 and CAD.
本研究对108名患有2型糖尿病（DM2）和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的成年患者进行了一项体育活动干预以及健康行为改变和健康的自我决定理论（SDT）过程模型测试。患者被随机分配到有组织的体育活动干预组（由指导员带领）或非体育活动对照组。在基线和12个月后，我们测量了以下指标：需求满意度、体育活动的自主和受控动机、体育活动和血糖检测的感知能力、体育活动和血糖检测、体重、血糖控制（糖化血红蛋白）以及对总体健康和活力的自我认知。如假设的那样，干预在所有研究变量上产生了有利于实验组的显著变化（科恩d效应量：0.23 - 0.72），但受控动机和体重的结果不显著。数据支持了SDT过程模型，其中干预的效果通过动机变量显著预测了行为和健康的间接变化。考虑到对动机、行为和健康增加的中度至较大影响，推广被视为需求支持性的有组织体育活动计划可能对DM2和CAD患者具有重要的健康意义。
