雾化肾上腺素与沙丁胺醇治疗住院毛细支气管炎患儿的疗效比较
Efficacy of Nebulised Epinephrine versus Salbutamol in Hospitalised Children with Bronchiolitis.
作者信息
John B M, Patnaik S K, Prasad P L
机构信息
Graded Specialist (Paediatrics), 7 Air Force Hospital, Kanpur Cantt. - 208004.
Senior Adviser (Paediatrics), CH (CC), Lucknow.
出版信息
Med J Armed Forces India. 2006 Oct;62(4):354-7. doi: 10.1016/S0377-1237(06)80107-3. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
BACKGROUND
The use of bronchodilators in bronchiolitis lacks consensus. The efficacy of nebulised epinephrine versus salbutamol in bronchiolitis and the safety profile of the bronchodilators was studied.
METHODS
Effects of nebulised epinephrine and salbutamol were compared in children with moderate to severe acute bronchiolitis. Thirty children between 2 to 24 months of age were recruited, 15 in each treatment group. Children received periodic (0,30,60 minutes followed by 4 hourly) doses of either 1:1000 laevo- epinephrine (0.5ml/kg subject to a maximum of 2.5ml with 3ml saline) or salbutamol (0.15mg/kg with 3ml saline) via nebuliser with oxygen. Changes in heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), respiratory distress assessment instrument (RDAI), oxygen saturation (SpO2), oxygen requirement, duration of hospital stay and the side effects were studied.
RESULTS
The respiratory status was better with significant improvement in RR, RDAI score and SpO2, decreased oxygen requirement and shorter hospital stay in the epinephrine group. There were no significant side effects in either group.
CONCLUSION
Nebulised epinephrine is a useful and safe drug for moderate/severe bronchiolitis and is superior to salbutamol.
背景
在细支气管炎中使用支气管扩张剂尚无共识。研究了雾化肾上腺素与沙丁胺醇治疗细支气管炎的疗效以及支气管扩张剂的安全性。
方法
比较雾化肾上腺素和沙丁胺醇对中度至重度急性细支气管炎患儿的影响。招募了30名2至24个月大的儿童，每个治疗组15名。儿童通过氧气雾化器接受周期性（0、30、60分钟，随后每4小时一次）剂量的1:1000左旋肾上腺素（0.5ml/kg，最大剂量为2.5ml，加3ml生理盐水）或沙丁胺醇（0.15mg/kg，加3ml生理盐水）。研究心率（HR）、呼吸频率（RR）、呼吸窘迫评估仪器（RDAI）、血氧饱和度（SpO2）、氧气需求、住院时间和副作用的变化。
结果
肾上腺素组的呼吸状况更好，RR、RDAI评分和SpO2有显著改善，氧气需求减少，住院时间缩短。两组均无明显副作用。
结论
雾化肾上腺素是治疗中度/重度细支气管炎的一种有效且安全的药物，优于沙丁胺醇。
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