Tian Kang, Hu Wenyou, Xing Zhe, Huang Biao, Jia Mengmeng, Wan Mengxue
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Chemosphere. 2016 Dec;165:555-563. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.012. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
The evaluation of heavy metals (HMs) in greenhouse soils is crucial for both environmental monitoring and human health; thus, it is imperative to determine their concentrations, identify their sources and assess their potential risks. In this study, eight metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in 167 surface soils were investigated in two representative greenhouse vegetable systems of China: perennial solar greenhouse (SG) and seasonal plastic greenhouse (PG). The results indicated accumulations of Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn in the SG soils and Cd, Pb, Hg and Zn in the PG soils, with higher concentrations than the background values. In particular, Cd and Hg exhibited high levels of pollution under both GVP systems due to their positive Igeo values. Principle component analysis (PCA) and correlation analysis suggested that Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn in the SG soils and Cd, Hg and Zn in the PG soils were mainly related to intensive farming practices; Pb in the PG soils was significantly affected by atmospheric deposition. The results showed that soil characteristics, in particular soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, exerted significant influence on Hg, Cu, Cd, and Zn under the SG system. However, the HMs in the PG soils were weakly affected by soil properties. Overall, this study provides comparative research on the accumulation, potential risks and sources of HMs in two typical greenhouse soils in China, and our findings suggest that, Cd and Hg in both greenhouse soils could potentially represent environmental problems.
温室土壤中重金属的评估对于环境监测和人类健康都至关重要；因此，确定其浓度、识别其来源并评估其潜在风险势在必行。在本研究中，对中国两个典型的温室蔬菜种植系统——多年生日光温室（SG）和季节性塑料大棚（PG）中的167份表层土壤中的8种金属（砷、镉、铬、铜、汞、镍、铅和锌）进行了调查。结果表明，SG土壤中镉、铜、汞和锌以及PG土壤中镉、铅、汞和锌存在积累，其浓度高于背景值。特别是，镉和汞由于其地积累指数为正值，在两种温室种植系统下均表现出高度污染。主成分分析（PCA）和相关性分析表明，SG土壤中的镉、铜、汞和锌以及PG土壤中的镉、汞和锌主要与集约化耕作方式有关；PG土壤中的铅受大气沉降影响显著。结果表明，土壤特性，特别是土壤有机质、全氮和全磷，对SG系统下的汞、铜、镉和锌有显著影响。然而，PG土壤中的重金属受土壤性质的影响较弱。总体而言，本研究对中国两种典型温室土壤中重金属的积累、潜在风险和来源进行了比较研究，我们的研究结果表明，两种温室土壤中的镉和汞都可能存在环境问题。
