Egerton Todd A, Morse Ryan E, Marshall Harold G, Mulholland Margaret R
Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA.
Graduate School of Oceanography, The University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.
Microorganisms. 2014 Jan 8;2(1):33-57. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms2010033.
Algal blooms are dynamic phenomena, often attributed to environmental parameters that vary on short timescales (e.g., hours to days). Phytoplankton monitoring programs are largely designed to examine long-term trends and interannual variability. In order to better understand and evaluate the relationships between water quality variables and the genesis of algal blooms, daily samples were collected over a 34 day period in the eutrophic Lafayette River, a tidal tributary within Chesapeake Bay's estuarine complex, during spring 2006. During this period two distinct algal blooms occurred; the first was a cryptomonad bloom and this was followed by a bloom of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate, . Chlorophyll , nutrient concentrations, and physical and chemical parameters were measured daily along with phytoplankton abundance and community composition. While 65 phytoplankton species from eight major taxonomic groups were identified in samples and total micro- and nano-phytoplankton cell densities ranged from 5.8 × 10⁶ to 7.8 × 10⁷ cells L, during blooms, cryptomonads and were 91.6% and 99.0%, respectively, of the total phytoplankton biomass during blooms. The cryptomonad bloom developed following a period of rainfall and concomitant increases in inorganic nitrogen concentrations. Nitrate, nitrite and ammonium concentrations 0 to 5 days prior were positively lag-correlated with cryptomonad abundance. In contrast, the bloom developed during periods of low dissolved nitrogen concentrations and their abundance was negatively correlated with inorganic nitrogen concentrations.
藻华是一种动态现象，通常归因于在短时间尺度（例如，数小时至数天）内变化的环境参数。浮游植物监测计划主要旨在研究长期趋势和年际变化。为了更好地理解和评估水质变量与藻华发生之间的关系，2006年春季，在切萨皮克湾河口复合体中的潮汐支流——富营养化的拉斐特河中，在34天的时间里每天采集样本。在此期间发生了两次不同的藻华；第一次是隐藻藻华，随后是混合营养型甲藻的藻华。每天测量叶绿素、营养物浓度以及物理和化学参数，同时测量浮游植物的丰度和群落组成。虽然在样本中鉴定出了来自八个主要分类组的65种浮游植物，微型和纳米浮游植物的总细胞密度范围为5.8×10⁶至7.8×10⁷个细胞/升，但在藻华期间，隐藻和甲藻分别占藻华期间浮游植物总生物量的91.6%和99.0%。隐藻藻华是在一段降雨期以及无机氮浓度随之增加之后出现的。前0至5天的硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和铵浓度与隐藻丰度呈正滞后相关。相比之下，甲藻藻华在溶解氮浓度较低的时期出现，其丰度与无机氮浓度呈负相关。
