Chen P R, Lee K
J Anim Sci. 2016 Aug;94(8):3125-3134. doi: 10.2527/jas.2016-0532.
With the increasing demand for affordable, high-quality meat, livestock and poultry producers must continually find ways to maximize muscle growth in their animals without compromising palatability of the meat products. Muscle mass relies on myoblast proliferation during prenatal or prehatch stages and fiber hypertrophy through protein synthesis and nuclei donation by satellite cells after birth or hatch. Therefore, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of myogenesis and muscle development is of great interest. Myostatin is a well-known negative regulator of muscle growth and development that inhibits proliferation and differentiation in myogenic cells as well as protein synthesis in existing muscle fibers. In this review, various inhibitors of myostatin activity or signaling are examined that may be used in animal agriculture for enhancing muscle growth. Myostatin inhibitors are relevant as potential therapies for muscle-wasting diseases and muscle weakness in humans and animals. Currently, there are no commercial myostatin inhibitors for agriculture or biomedical purposes because the safest and most effective option has yet to be identified. Further investigation of myostatin inhibitors and administration strategies may revolutionize animal production and the medical field.
随着对价格合理、高品质肉类需求的不断增加，畜禽生产者必须不断寻找方法，在不影响肉制品口感的前提下，最大限度地促进动物肌肉生长。肌肉质量在产前或孵化前阶段依赖于成肌细胞增殖，出生或孵化后则通过卫星细胞的蛋白质合成和细胞核捐赠实现纤维肥大。因此，了解肌生成和肌肉发育的细胞及分子机制具有重要意义。肌肉生长抑制素是一种著名的肌肉生长和发育负调节因子，它抑制成肌细胞的增殖和分化以及现有肌纤维中的蛋白质合成。在这篇综述中，研究了各种肌肉生长抑制素活性或信号通路的抑制剂，这些抑制剂可用于动物养殖以促进肌肉生长。肌肉生长抑制素抑制剂作为治疗人和动物肌肉萎缩疾病及肌肉无力的潜在疗法具有重要意义。目前，尚无用于农业或生物医学目的的商业肌肉生长抑制素抑制剂，因为最安全、最有效的选择尚未确定。对肌肉生长抑制素抑制剂及其给药策略的进一步研究可能会给动物生产和医学领域带来变革。
