Hess W R, Endris R G, Lousa A, Caiado J M
J Med Entomol. 1989 Jul;26(4):314-7. doi: 10.1093/jmedent/26.4.314.
Three laboratory colonies of the argasid tick Onithodoros moubata porcinus van der Merwe were started from collections made in 1983 at three different sites in Zimbabwe. All of the colonies contained ticks infected with African swine fever (ASF) virus that was readily transmitted by bite to domestic pigs. Although they were maintained on virus-free pig blood, ASF virus infections persisted in the colonies for at least 1 yr. Despite the fact that ASF virus passes transstadially, sexually, and transovarially in this tick species sometime during the following year, the virus disappeared from the colonies. Studies comparing fecundity in infected and uninfected lots of O. moubata porcinus showed that mortality rates were considerably higher among the infected ticks. A similar study with Ornithodoros erraticus Lucas, a tick that harbors and transmits ASF virus on the Iberian Peninsula, gave essentially the same results. This is probably a factor involved in the clearance of ASF virus from tick populations that are not subjected to reinfection. How this information may be applied in the eradication of African swine fever in Portugal and Spain is discussed.
1983年在津巴布韦的三个不同地点采集的钝缘蜱类猪多乳突钝缘蜱（Onithodoros moubata porcinus van der Merwe）建立了三个实验室种群。所有种群中的蜱都感染了非洲猪瘟（ASF）病毒，这种病毒很容易通过叮咬传播给家猪。尽管这些种群以无病毒的猪血为食，但ASF病毒感染在种群中持续了至少1年。尽管ASF病毒在次年的某个时候会在这种蜱类中经变态、有性和经卵传播，但该病毒却从种群中消失了。比较感染和未感染的猪多乳突钝缘蜱繁殖力的研究表明，感染蜱的死亡率要高得多。对伊比利亚半岛上携带并传播ASF病毒的漂泊钝缘蜱（Ornithodoros erraticus Lucas）进行的类似研究也得出了基本相同的结果。这可能是未再次感染的蜱种群中ASF病毒清除的一个因素。文中讨论了如何将这些信息应用于葡萄牙和西班牙的非洲猪瘟根除工作。
