Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2016 Dec;71:472-483. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.09.029. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
Current research supports the notion that the apparently innate trait Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) may act as a modulator of development as function of the environment. Interestingly, the common serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) does the same. While neural mechanisms underlying SPS are largely unknown, those associated with the 5-HTTLPR have been extensively investigated. We perform a comparative analysis of research findings on sensory processing facets associated with the trait and polymorphism to: 1. detect shared phenotypes and frame a hypothesis towards neural mechanisms underlying SPS; 2. increase the understanding of 5-HTTLPR-associated behavioral patterns. Trait and polymorphism are both associated with differential susceptibility to environmental stimuli; additionally, both involve 1. having stronger emotional reactions, 2. processing of sensory information more deeply, 3. being more aware of environmental subtleties, and 4. being easily overstimulated. We discuss neural mechanisms and environmental conditions that may underlie these four facets. Besides urging the actual assessment of the link between the two, the conclusions of our analyses may guide and focus future research strategies.
当前的研究支持这样一种观点，即感官处理敏感（SPS）这一明显的先天特质可能充当环境作用下的发展调节剂。有趣的是，常见的血清素转运体相关多态性区域（5-HTTLPR）也具有相同的作用。尽管 SPS 的神经机制在很大程度上尚不清楚，但与 5-HTTLPR 相关的神经机制已得到广泛研究。我们对与特质和多态性相关的感官处理方面的研究结果进行了比较分析，目的是：1. 发现共享表型，并提出关于 SPS 神经机制的假设；2. 增进对 5-HTTLPR 相关行为模式的理解。特质和多态性都与对环境刺激的不同敏感性有关；此外，两者都涉及：1. 情绪反应更强烈，2. 更深入地处理感官信息，3. 更能察觉到环境细微差别，4. 更容易过度刺激。我们讨论了可能构成这四个方面基础的神经机制和环境条件。除了敦促实际评估两者之间的联系外，我们的分析结论还可以指导和集中未来的研究策略。
