Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Bath, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2016 Oct 4;11(10):e0163764. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163764. eCollection 2016.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of aging on power generation and joint coordination during a leg press, in order to increase understanding of how functional movements are affected during the aging process. 44 older and 24 younger adults performed eight sub-maximal power repetitions on a seated leg press dynamometer. Peak power and velocity (at 40% maximum resistance) were measured along with the coordination (coupling angle) of the lower limb joints using the vector coding technique. The younger adults produced significantly greater peak power than the older adults (mean ± SD; 762 W ± 245 vs 361 W ± 162, p < 0.01) and at higher peak velocities (mean ± SD; 1.37 m/s ± 0.05 vs 1.00 m/s ± 0.06, p < 0.01). The older adults produced less consistent values of peak power than younger adults, evidenced by a higher coefficient of variation (mean ± SD; 7.6% ± 5.2 vs 5.0% ± 3.0, p < 0.01), however, there was significantly less variability in the coupling angles displayed by the older adults compared to the younger adults (mean ± SD; 2.0° ± 1.1 vs 3.5° ± 2.7, p < 0.01 (ankle-knee); 1.7° ± 0.6 vs 4.1° ± 3.0, p < 0.01 (knee-hip)). The results of this study demonstrate that older adults display higher outcome variability but lower variability in technique (coordination). The more rigid movement strategies displayed by the older adults potentially reflects an increased risk of overuse injury due to repetitive demands on the same structures, or the reduced ability to respond to unexpected situations due to a lack of flexibility in joint control.
本研究旨在确定衰老对腿推过程中发电和关节协调性的影响，以增加对功能运动如何在衰老过程中受到影响的理解。44 名老年人和 24 名年轻人在坐姿腿推测力计上进行了 8 次亚最大力量重复。使用矢量编码技术测量了下肢关节的峰值功率和速度（在最大阻力的 40%时）以及协调（耦合角）。年轻人产生的峰值功率明显大于老年人（平均值±标准差；762W±245 与 361W±162，p<0.01），并且峰值速度更高（平均值±标准差；1.37m/s±0.05 与 1.00m/s±0.06，p<0.01）。老年人产生的峰值功率值不如年轻人稳定，这表现为更高的变异系数（平均值±标准差；7.6%±5.2 与 5.0%±3.0，p<0.01），然而，老年人的耦合角显示出比年轻人明显更小的变异性（平均值±标准差；2.0°±1.1 与 3.5°±2.7，p<0.01（踝膝）；1.7°±0.6 与 4.1°±3.0，p<0.01（膝髋））。本研究的结果表明，老年人表现出更高的结果变异性，但技术（协调性）的变异性较低。老年人表现出更僵硬的运动策略，这可能反映出由于对同一结构的重复需求，过度使用受伤的风险增加，或者由于关节控制缺乏灵活性，无法应对意外情况的能力降低。
