Pérez-Morales Deyanira, Hernández Karla Daniela Rodríguez, Martínez Ignacio, Agredano-Moreno Lourdes Teresa, Jiménez-García Luis Felipe, Espinoza Bertha
Laboratorio de Estudios sobre Tripanosomiasis. Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70228, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70228, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México.
Cell Stress Chaperones. 2017 Jan;22(1):15-27. doi: 10.1007/s12192-016-0736-y. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of Chagas disease. The life cycle of this protozoan parasite is digenetic because it alternates its different developmental forms through two hosts, a vector insect and a vertebrate host. As a result, the parasites are exposed to sudden and drastic environmental changes causing cellular stress. The stress response to some types of stress has been studied in T. cruzi, mainly at the molecular level; however, data about ultrastructure and physiological state of the cells in stress conditions are scarce or null. In this work, we analyzed the morphological, ultrastructural, and physiological changes produced on T. cruzi epimastigotes when they were exposed to acid, nutritional, heat, and oxidative stress. Clear morphological changes were observed, but the physiological conditions varied depending on the type of stress. The maintenance of the physiological state was severely affected by heat shock, acidic, nutritional, and oxidative stress. According to the surprising observed growth recovery after damage by stress alterations, different adaptations from the parasite to these harsh conditions were suggested. Particular cellular death pathways are discussed.
克氏锥虫是恰加斯病的病原体。这种原生动物寄生虫的生命周期是双宿主型的，因为它通过两种宿主（一种媒介昆虫和一种脊椎动物宿主）交替其不同的发育形式。因此，寄生虫会暴露于导致细胞应激的突然而剧烈的环境变化中。对克氏锥虫对某些类型应激的反应进行了研究，主要是在分子水平上；然而，关于应激条件下细胞的超微结构和生理状态的数据很少或根本没有。在这项工作中，我们分析了克氏锥虫前鞭毛体在暴露于酸、营养、热和氧化应激时所产生的形态、超微结构和生理变化。观察到了明显的形态变化，但生理状况因应激类型而异。热休克、酸性、营养和氧化应激严重影响了生理状态的维持。根据应激改变造成损伤后令人惊讶的生长恢复情况，提出了寄生虫对这些恶劣条件的不同适应方式。文中还讨论了特定的细胞死亡途径。
