de Carvalho Pedro Freitas, Bonecker Sérgio Luiz Costa, Nassar Cristina Aparecida Gomes
Laboratório Integrado de Zooplâncton e Ictioplâncton, Prédio do CCS, Bloco A, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Program of Environmental Engineering, Polytechnic School of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Pedro Calmon, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2016 Nov;188(11):606. doi: 10.1007/s10661-016-5616-5. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
This study aims to characterize the differences between physical and chemical parameters of water quality indicators and eutrophication in four estuaries of the state of Rio de Janeiro and relate them to full density of the species that belong to the Appendicularia class with the purpose of seeking bioindicators for estuarine areas. The estuaries studied were from the rivers Macaé, São João, Bracuí, and Perequê-Açu. The physicochemical parameters monitored for evaluation of the water bodies and used for the correlation with the appendicularians were pH, temperature, nitrite, nitrate, N-ammonia, total nitrogen, phosphate, total phosphorus, dissolved oxygen (DO), suspended particulate matter (SPM), chlorophyll a, heterotrophic bacteria, and fecal coliform. The estuaries Bracuí and São João showed enhanced qualities of water and lower degrees of eutrophication than Macae and Perequê-Açu estuaries. The species of the Appendicularia class found in this study were Oikopleura longicauda (Vogt, 1854), Oikopleura dioica Fol, 1872, Oikopleura fusiformis Fol, 1872, and Fritillaria haplostoma Fol, 1872. The density of appendicularians and O. longicauda was inversely related to the nutrient values and SPM; nonetheless, no species of appendicularians could be used as a bioindicator of any estuary in the current study. Studies on the quality of estuary waters and the search for other bioindicators belonging to other zooplankton groups are recommended to confirm the obtained results and to expand the knowledge of these coastal environments.
本研究旨在描述里约热内卢州四个河口水质指标和富营养化的物理和化学参数之间的差异，并将它们与尾海鞘纲物种的全密度相关联，目的是寻找河口区域的生物指标。所研究的河口来自马卡埃河、圣若昂河、布拉奎河和佩雷凯-阿苏河。为评估水体而监测并用于与尾海鞘类进行相关性分析的理化参数包括pH值、温度、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、氨氮、总氮、磷酸盐、总磷、溶解氧（DO）、悬浮颗粒物（SPM）、叶绿素a、异养细菌和粪大肠菌群。与马卡埃河口和佩雷凯-阿苏河口相比，布拉奎河口和圣若昂河口的水质较好，富营养化程度较低。本研究中发现的尾海鞘纲物种有长尾住囊虫（Vogt，1854年）、双囊住囊虫（Fol，1872年）、梭形住囊虫（Fol，1872年）和简单贝氏住囊虫（Fol，1872年）。尾海鞘类和长尾住囊虫的密度与营养值和悬浮颗粒物呈负相关；然而，在当前研究中，没有尾海鞘类物种可作为任何河口的生物指标。建议对河口水质进行研究，并寻找属于其他浮游动物类群的其他生物指标，以证实所得结果并扩大对这些沿海环境的认识。
