Foley Jonathan A, Defries Ruth, Asner Gregory P, Barford Carol, Bonan Gordon, Carpenter Stephen R, Chapin F Stuart, Coe Michael T, Daily Gretchen C, Gibbs Holly K, Helkowski Joseph H, Holloway Tracey, Howard Erica A, Kucharik Christopher J, Monfreda Chad, Patz Jonathan A, Prentice I Colin, Ramankutty Navin, Snyder Peter K
Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment (SAGE), University of Wisconsin, 1710 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53726, USA.
Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):570-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1111772.
Land use has generally been considered a local environmental issue, but it is becoming a force of global importance. Worldwide changes to forests, farmlands, waterways, and air are being driven by the need to provide food, fiber, water, and shelter to more than six billion people. Global croplands, pastures, plantations, and urban areas have expanded in recent decades, accompanied by large increases in energy, water, and fertilizer consumption, along with considerable losses of biodiversity. Such changes in land use have enabled humans to appropriate an increasing share of the planet's resources, but they also potentially undermine the capacity of ecosystems to sustain food production, maintain freshwater and forest resources, regulate climate and air quality, and ameliorate infectious diseases. We face the challenge of managing trade-offs between immediate human needs and maintaining the capacity of the biosphere to provide goods and services in the long term.
土地利用通常被视为一个局部环境问题，但它正成为一股具有全球重要性的力量。为了给60多亿人口提供食物、纤维、水和住所，全球范围内的森林、农田、水道和空气正在发生变化。近几十年来，全球农田、牧场、种植园和城市地区不断扩张，与此同时，能源、水和肥料的消耗大幅增加，生物多样性也大量丧失。土地利用的这些变化使人类能够占有地球上越来越多的资源，但它们也可能破坏生态系统维持粮食生产、保持淡水和森林资源、调节气候和空气质量以及改善传染病状况的能力。我们面临着在满足人类当前需求与长期维持生物圈提供商品和服务能力之间进行权衡管理的挑战。
