Refaey S, Hassan M, Mansour A, Kandeel A
Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt.
East Mediterr Health J. 2016 Oct 2;22(7):503-512.
The epidemiology, seasonality and risk factors for influenza virus infection remains poorly defined in countries such as Egypt. Between 1 January and 31 December 2013, we used surveillance data on patients hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection in three Egyptian government hospitals in Damanhour district to estimate the incidence rate of laboratory-confirmed seasonal influenza. Samples were taken from 1727 of 1856 patients; of these, 19% were influenza virus positive. The overall incidence of influenza virus-associated SARI during the study period was estimated to be 44 cases per 100 000 person-years (95% CI: 39-48). The highest incidence of 166 cases per 100 000 person year (95% CI: 125-220) was observed in children aged 2 to 4 years. The incidence of influenza-virus associated SARI cases in pregnant women was estimated to be 17.3 cases per 100 000 person-years (95% CI: 6-54). Majority of influenza virus-associated SARI occurred in autumn and early winter, and influenza A(H3N2) virus predominated. This was the first ever description of the epidemiology of seasonal influenza in Egypt. However, additional works are needed for greater understanding of influenza burden in Egypt.
在埃及等国家，流感病毒感染的流行病学、季节性和风险因素仍未得到明确界定。2013年1月1日至12月31日期间，我们利用达曼胡尔地区三家埃及政府医院中因严重急性呼吸道感染住院患者的监测数据，来估算实验室确诊的季节性流感的发病率。从1856名患者中采集了1727份样本；其中，19%的样本流感病毒呈阳性。研究期间，流感病毒相关严重急性呼吸道感染的总体发病率估计为每10万人年44例（95%置信区间：39 - 48）。在2至4岁儿童中观察到的发病率最高，为每10万人年166例（95%置信区间：125 - 220）。孕妇中流感病毒相关严重急性呼吸道感染病例的发病率估计为每10万人年17.3例（95%置信区间：6 - 54）。大多数流感病毒相关严重急性呼吸道感染发生在秋季和初冬，甲型（H3N2）流感病毒占主导。这是对埃及季节性流感流行病学的首次描述。然而，需要开展更多工作来更深入了解埃及的流感负担。
