Yu Dan, Bu Fangfang, Hou Jiaojiao, Kang Yongxiang, Yu Zhongdong
College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Dec;32(12):192. doi: 10.1007/s11274-016-2151-z. Epub 2016 Oct 7.
A post-fire morel collected from Populus simonii stands in Mt. Qingling was identified as Morchella crassipes Mes-20 by using nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer phylogeny. It was inoculated into sweet corn to observe colonized roots in purified culture and in greenhouse experiments. The elongation and maturation zones of sweet corn were remarkably colonized at the cortex intercellular and intracellular cells, vessel cells, and around the Casparian strip, forming ectendomycorrhiza-like structures. Colonization was also observed in the zone of cell division proximal to the root cap. Greenhouse assays with sweet corn showed that this morel stimulated the development of the root system and significantly increased the dry root biomass. M. crassipes also significantly reduced the incidence of Fusarium verticillioides in the kernels of mature ears when inoculated into young ears before Fusarium inoculation and prevented Fusarium infection in corn ears compared with that of the control in the greenhouse. When grown under axenic conditions, M. crassipes produced the phytohormones abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, and salicylic acid. The benefits to plants elicited by M. crassipes may result from these phytohormones which may improve the drought resistance, biomass growth and resistance to Fusarium.
从秦岭小叶杨林中采集的一种火烧后出现的羊肚菌，通过核糖体DNA内转录间隔区系统发育分析被鉴定为厚囊羊肚菌Mes-20。将其接种到甜玉米上，以观察其在纯培养和温室实验中对根系的定殖情况。甜玉米的伸长区和成熟区在皮层细胞间、细胞内、导管细胞以及凯氏带周围均有显著的定殖现象，形成了类似外生菌根的结构。在靠近根冠的细胞分裂区也观察到了定殖。对甜玉米进行的温室试验表明，这种羊肚菌刺激了根系的发育，并显著增加了根系干生物量。当在接种镰刀菌之前将厚囊羊肚菌接种到幼嫩玉米穗上时，它还显著降低了成熟玉米穗籽粒中轮枝镰孢菌的发病率，并且与温室中的对照相比，防止了玉米穗受到镰刀菌的感染。在无菌条件下生长时，厚囊羊肚菌会产生脱落酸、吲哚-3-乙酸和水杨酸等植物激素。厚囊羊肚菌对植物产生的益处可能源于这些植物激素，它们可能会提高植物的抗旱性、生物量增长以及对镰刀菌的抗性。
