Heal L W, Bruininks R H, Lakin K C, Hill B K, Hauber F A
Department of Special Education, University of Illinois, Champaign 61820.
Res Dev Disabil. 1989;10(3):295-313. doi: 10.1016/0891-4222(89)90018-8.
This paper reported on the movement of a large (N = 2271) probability sample of the nation's residents of public (PRF) and community (CRF) residential facilities for developmentally disabled children and adults. Estimates placed the national population at 217,410 in all facilities--73,709 in CRFs and 143,701 in PRFs--in the fall of 1978, when the sample was selected, although extrapolation from subsequent surveys suggest that the CRF numbers should be about 100,000. In the winter of 1979 direct care staff and administrators completed detailed information about each resident sampled, about themselves, and about their facilities. In 1980 they were asked if their residents had moved exactly one year later. Most residents (91%) had not moved; 1.3% had died; and about 8.5% had moved. Most moves featured greater integration into the community. Multivariate analyses indicated very little difference between moved and unmoved residents. Among moved subjects, three dimensions accounted for 62% of the common variance in placement status: (a) ability, (b) age, and (c) autonomy.
本文报告了一个针对全国发育障碍儿童和成人的公立（PRF）及社区（CRF）居住设施中大量（N = 2271）居民的概率样本的流动情况。据估计，在1978年秋季选取样本时，全国所有设施中的居民人数为217,410人，其中社区居住设施（CRF）中有73,709人，公立居住设施（PRF）中有143,701人。不过，后续调查的推断表明，社区居住设施中的人数应为10万左右。1979年冬季，直接护理人员和管理人员完成了关于每个抽样居民、他们自己以及他们所在设施的详细信息。1980年，他们被问及自己所负责的居民在整整一年后是否有过迁移。大多数居民（91%）没有迁移；1.3%的居民去世；约8.5%的居民迁移了。大多数迁移的特点是融入社区的程度更高。多变量分析表明，迁移居民和未迁移居民之间差异很小。在迁移的居民中，三个维度占安置状态共同方差的62%：（a）能力，（b）年龄，以及（c）自主性。
