Perkins K A, Epstein L H, Stiller R L, Marks B L, Jacob R G
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1989 Sep;50(3):545-50. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/50.3.545.
The acute effects of nicotine on resting metabolic rate (RMR) were examined to identify a mechanism that may help explain the inverse association between smoking and body weight. Multiple administrations of two nicotine doses (moderate [15 micrograms/kg body wt] and low [7.5 micrograms/kg body wt]) and a placebo (0 micrograms) were presented to 18 male smokers via nasal-spray solution on three separate occasions while RMR was assessed by computerized open-circuit indirect calorimetry. Plasma nicotine levels confirmed the reliability of dosing. RMR increases of 6% above base line after both moderate and low doses were significantly greater than the 3% increase after the placebo. Subsequent examination of the effects of smoking a nonnicotine cigarette suggested that the small placebo effect was due to acute metabolic consequences of inhalation. These results confirm that intake of nicotine, isolated from tobacco smoke, significantly increases RMR in humans. However, the results also indicate that non-pharmacological, behavioral aspects of smoking may also contribute to acutely increasing RMR in smokers.
研究了尼古丁对静息代谢率（RMR）的急性影响，以确定一种可能有助于解释吸烟与体重之间负相关关系的机制。通过鼻喷雾剂溶液，在三个不同的场合，向18名男性吸烟者分别多次给予两种尼古丁剂量（中等剂量[15微克/千克体重]和低剂量[7.5微克/千克体重]）以及一种安慰剂（0微克），同时通过计算机化开路间接量热法评估静息代谢率。血浆尼古丁水平证实了给药的可靠性。中等剂量和低剂量后，静息代谢率比基线水平分别增加6%，显著高于安慰剂后的3%增幅。随后对吸不含尼古丁香烟的影响进行的检查表明，小的安慰剂效应是由于吸入的急性代谢后果所致。这些结果证实，从烟草烟雾中分离出的尼古丁摄入可显著提高人体的静息代谢率。然而，结果还表明，吸烟的非药理学行为方面也可能有助于急性提高吸烟者的静息代谢率。
