Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health.
Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center.
Health Psychol. 2018 May;37(5):399-406. doi: 10.1037/hea0000607.
Smoking cessation is associated with increases in body weight, but little is known about the relationship between participation in a weight loss intervention and smoking.
To determine whether (a) weight losses at 1 year differ as a function of baseline smoking status (never smoker, current smoker, ex-smoker) and (b) participation in a weight loss intervention affects smoking behavior.
This analysis addressed these questions using the publicly available database from Look AHEAD, a randomized trial comparing intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) and diabetes support and education (DSE; control condition) among individuals with overweight/obesity and Type 2 diabetes, and included 4,387 participants who had self-reported smoking and objective weight measures available at baseline and at 1 year.
Although participants in ILI lost a significantly greater percentage of weight than those in DSE at 1 year (ILI, M = -8.8%, SD = 6.8; DSE, M = -0.7%, SD = 4.7), there were no differences in weight loss outcomes between never smokers (n = 2,297), ex-smokers (n = 2,115), and current smokers (n = 188) within either condition. Participation in ILI was not associated with compensatory smoking or likelihood of quitting smoking or relapsing.
Smokers in a weight loss intervention had reductions in weight that were comparable to individuals who did not smoke without any evidence of compensatory smoking to manage eating and appetite. Smokers with obesity should be encouraged to pursue weight loss without concerns regarding the impact on smoking behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record
戒烟与体重增加有关，但人们对参与减肥干预与吸烟之间的关系知之甚少。
确定（a）基线吸烟状况（从不吸烟者、当前吸烟者、前吸烟者）是否会影响 1 年时的体重减轻程度，以及（b）参与减肥干预是否会影响吸烟行为。
本分析使用来自 Look AHEAD 的公开数据库来解决这些问题，这是一项比较强化生活方式干预（ILI）和糖尿病支持和教育（DSE；对照条件）的随机试验，参与者为超重/肥胖和 2 型糖尿病患者，共有 4387 名参与者报告了吸烟情况，并在基线和 1 年内提供了客观体重测量数据。
尽管 ILI 组参与者在 1 年内体重减轻的百分比明显大于 DSE 组（ILI，M=-8.8%，SD=6.8；DSE，M=-0.7%，SD=4.7），但无论在哪个条件下，从不吸烟者（n=2297）、前吸烟者（n=2115）和当前吸烟者（n=188）之间的体重减轻结果没有差异。ILI 的参与与补偿性吸烟或戒烟或复吸的可能性无关。
在减肥干预中吸烟的人体重减轻与不吸烟的人相当，而没有证据表明补偿性吸烟来控制饮食和食欲。肥胖的吸烟者应该被鼓励减肥，而不必担心对吸烟行为的影响。
