Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 4K3 B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
J Public Health (Oxf). 2017 Dec 1;39(4):e127-e133. doi: 10.1093/pubmed/fdw112.
Previous research demonstrated an association between low employment quality and lower sickness absence, which may be explained by presenteeism. Therefore, this study aimed exploring the relation between three indicators of employment quality (long working hours, precarious employment, job insecurity) and attendance behavior.
The association between employment quality and attendance behavior was investigated in 28.999 workers (mean age: 40.0 years, 53% males) of the fifth wave of the European Working Conditions Survey, using multilevel multinomial logistic regression analysis. Attendance behavior was operationalized as different combinations of sickness absence and presenteeism.
Those working >48 h/week, had a higher risk to report presenteeism (with or without sickness absence). They had a lower risk to report sickness absence without presenteeism. Workers with a precarious contract had a lower risk to report absenteeism without presenteeism and the combination of both presenteeism and absenteeism. Finally, for workers perceiving job insecurity, the risk for presenteeism without sickness absence was significantly higher.
Several indicators of low employment quality were associated with attendance behavior, suggesting a complex behavioral mechanism in workers facing low job quality employment. Therefore, policy makers are recommended to re-establish the indefinite contractual employment as the standard, avoiding long working hours.
先前的研究表明，就业质量低与病假缺勤率低之间存在关联，这可能是由于出勤主义（presenteeism）造成的。因此，本研究旨在探讨就业质量的三个指标（工作时间长、就业不稳定、工作不安定）与出勤行为之间的关系。
使用多层次多项逻辑回归分析，调查了欧洲工作条件调查第五波的 28999 名工人（平均年龄：40.0 岁，53%为男性）中就业质量与出勤行为之间的关联。出勤行为通过病假缺勤和出勤主义的不同组合来进行操作化。
每周工作超过 48 小时的工人报告出勤主义（无论是否有病假缺勤）的风险更高。他们报告无出勤主义病假缺勤的风险较低。有不稳定合同的工人报告无出勤主义和出勤主义与病假缺勤的组合的缺勤率较低。最后，对于感知工作不安定的工人，无病假缺勤的出勤主义的风险显著更高。
就业质量的几个指标与出勤行为相关，这表明在面临低工作质量就业的工人中存在复杂的行为机制。因此，建议政策制定者重新将无固定期限的合同就业确立为标准，避免长时间工作。
