Xu Xihui, Zhang Zhou, Hu Shunli, Ruan Zhepu, Jiang Jiandong, Chen Chen, Shen Zhenguo
College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jan;24(1):666-675. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7826-3. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
Soil provides a critical environment for microbial community development. However, microorganisms may be sensitive to substances such as heavy metals (HMs), which are common soil contaminants. This study investigated bacterial communities using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene fragment sequencing in geographic regions with and without HM pollution to elucidate the effects of soil properties and HMs on bacterial communities. No obvious changes in the richness or diversity of bacterial communities were observed between samples from mining and control areas. Significant differences in bacterial richness and diversity were detected between samples from different geographic regions, indicating that the basic soil characteristics were the most important factors affecting bacterial communities other than HMs. However, the abundances of several phyla and genera differed significantly between mining and control samples, suggesting that Zn and Pb pollution may impact the soil bacterial community composition. Moreover, regression analyses showed that the relative abundances of these phyla and genera were correlated significantly with the soil-available Zn and Pb contents. Redundancy analysis indicated that the soil K, ammoniacal nitrogen (NH-N), total Cu, and available Zn and Cu contents were the most important factors. Our results not only suggested that the soil bacteria were sensitive to HM stresses but also indicated that other soil properties may affect soil microorganisms to a greater extent.
土壤为微生物群落的发展提供了关键环境。然而，微生物可能对诸如重金属（HMs）等物质敏感，这些物质是常见的土壤污染物。本研究在有和没有重金属污染的地理区域，利用16S核糖体RNA（rRNA）基因片段测序来调查细菌群落，以阐明土壤性质和重金属对细菌群落的影响。在来自矿区和对照区的样本之间，未观察到细菌群落丰富度或多样性有明显变化。在来自不同地理区域的样本之间检测到细菌丰富度和多样性存在显著差异，这表明基本土壤特征是影响细菌群落的最重要因素，而非重金属。然而，几个门和属的丰度在矿区和对照样本之间存在显著差异，这表明锌和铅污染可能会影响土壤细菌群落组成。此外，回归分析表明，这些门和属的相对丰度与土壤有效锌和铅含量显著相关。冗余分析表明，土壤钾、氨态氮（NH-N）、总铜以及有效锌和铜含量是最重要的因素。我们的结果不仅表明土壤细菌对重金属胁迫敏感，还表明其他土壤性质可能在更大程度上影响土壤微生物。
