Energy Intake and Food Habits between Weight Maintainers and Regainers, Five Years after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

We explored differences in dietary behaviours, energy, and macronutrient intake among individuals who had regained or maintained weight loss 5 or more years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). This study assessed 27 adults who underwent RYGB an average of 12.1 ± 3.7 years before this study was conducted. Dietary assessment was performed using 3-day food records. Daily energy intake (kcal), protein (g), carbohydrate (g), fat (g), and alcohol intake (g) were computed using the ESHA's Food Processor. Participants were classified by percent weight loss, maintainers (≥38 %), and regainers (≤30 %). Daily carbohydrate consumption was greater in regainers (222 ± 84.3 g) compared with maintainers (162 ± 67.5 g), (P < 0.05). Thirty-seven percent of participants were not consuming the recommended amount of protein and 26% reported never taking vitamin supplements after surgery. Alcohol consumption was higher among regainers (18.5 ± 30.9 g) compared with maintainers (2.6 ± 6.5 g), (P < 0.05). Finally, 74% of the participants reported no contact with a Registered Dietitian, whereas 78 % were in contact with a health care professional once a year post-surgery. Differences were seen in carbohydrate intake and alcohol consumption between weight maintainers and regainers. These data suggest dietitians need to play a more active role in the long-term care of this medically complex population.