Ojha N
Department of obstetrics and gynecology, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2015 Oct-Dec;53(200):250-255.
Low birth weight and preterm birth are the major community health problems in developing countries. They are the major determinants of perinatal survival and infant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion and the maternal risk factors for low birth weight and preterm birth among hospital deliveries in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital.
A cross sectional retrospective study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of TUTH. Maternal risk factors like age, parity, ethnicity, history of previous abortion, history of previous cesarean section, antepartum hemorrhage and medical disorders were studied. Information on all births that occurred was extracted from maternity case notes and delivery registers.
During the study period, there were 685 singleton live births. Among these 78(11.4%) were low birth weight and 47(6.9%) were preterm birth. The mean birth weight was 2950±488 gm. The mean weight of female was statistically less compared to male babies (p=0.032). The significant risk factors for LBW were primiparity (OR 2.12; 95%CI 1.25-3.58), Indo-Aryan ethnicity (OR 1.97; 95%CI 1.12-3.45) and history of medical disorder (OR 3.08; 95%CI 1.17-8.12). As for PTB antepartum hemorrhage (OR 8.63; 95%CI 1.99-37.30) and history of medical disorder (OR 3.20; 95%CI 1.04-9.89) were significant risk factors.
Parity, ethnicity, and medical disorders were the main risk factors for low birth weight. Antepartum hemorrhage and medical disorders were significant risk factors for preterm birth.
低出生体重和早产是发展中国家主要的社区卫生问题。它们是围产期生存以及婴儿发病率和死亡率的主要决定因素。本研究的目的是确定特里布万大学教学医院住院分娩中低出生体重和早产的比例及产妇风险因素。
在特里布万大学教学医院妇产科开展了一项横断面回顾性研究。研究了产妇的风险因素，如年龄、产次、种族、既往流产史、既往剖宫产史、产前出血和疾病史。从产妇病历和分娩登记册中提取了所有分娩的信息。
在研究期间，有685例单胎活产。其中78例（11.4%）为低出生体重，47例（6.9%）为早产。平均出生体重为2950±488克。女婴的平均体重在统计学上低于男婴（p=0.032）。低出生体重的显著风险因素为初产（OR 2.12；95%CI 1.25-3.58）、印度-雅利安种族（OR 1.97；95%CI 1.12-3.45）和疾病史（OR 3.08；95%CI 1.17-8.12）。至于早产，产前出血（OR 8.63；95%CI 1.99-37.30）和疾病史（OR 3.20；95%CI 1.04-9.89）是显著风险因素。
产次、种族和疾病是低出生体重的主要风险因素。产前出血和疾病史是早产的显著风险因素。
