评估儿童时间利用与身体健康、肥胖和糖尿病风险的关系：一种新的身体活动自我报告工具的开发

Assessing Children's Time-Use in Relation to Physical Fitness and Risks of Obesity and Diabetes: Development of a New Physical Activity Self-Report Instrument.

作者信息

Cui Y, Guo J, Santiago-Torres M, Schoeller D, Esmond S, Allen D, Henderson M, Rendon A, Carrel A

机构信息

Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.

Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI.

出版信息

BAOJ Obes Weight Loss Manag. 2015;1(1). Epub 2015 Aug 10.

PMID:27747313

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5061457/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study introduces a novel self-report instrument to measure children's time-use in physical and sedentary activities and examines the relationships between children's time-use and physical fitness and risks of obesity and diabetes.

METHODS

The new instrument utilizes a series of timelines, each representing an activity type. 188 children (53% girls) aged 10 to 14 year-old participated in the study. Their time-use data for two weekdays and one weekend day were collected. Anthropometrics and cardiovascular fitness were measured and children's BMI z-score and PACER z-score were computed. One-time blood draw for fasting glucose and insulin were used to calculate insulin resistance using homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA).

RESULTS

The reliability assessment of this instrument indicated a moderately reproducible procedure (ICC > 0.6) for six activity types. The validity correlation for motorized travel time was high (r = 0.226, < 0.05) between self-report instrument and GPS tracks. PACER z-score was positively correlated with time-uses of play (r = 0.159, < 0.05), and organized sports (r = 0.198, < 0.05); and was highly inversely correlated with BMI z-score (r = -0.441, < 0.0001) and HOMA (r = -0.472, < 0.0001). Overall, only 14% of the children had physical activity for more than 60 minutes daily over three observation days.

CONCLUSIONS

This instrument is particularly useful in assessing children's activity patterns, especially for specific physical activities. The new instrument provides a reproducible measure of children's perception of their activities. Our results emphasize the temporal context which is critical to formulating effective interventions targeting physical activity increase in children. Further efforts are needed to understand the differences between activity time obtained by the new self-report instrument and GPS tracks.

摘要

背景

本研究引入了一种新型的自我报告工具，用于测量儿童在体育活动和久坐活动中的时间使用情况，并研究儿童的时间使用与身体素质、肥胖风险和糖尿病风险之间的关系。

方法

新工具使用一系列时间线，每条时间线代表一种活动类型。188名年龄在10至14岁的儿童（53%为女孩）参与了该研究。收集了他们在两个工作日和一个周末日的时间使用数据。测量了人体测量学指标和心血管健康状况，并计算了儿童的BMI z评分和PACER z评分。通过一次空腹血糖和胰岛素采血，使用胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA）来计算胰岛素抵抗。

结果

该工具的可靠性评估表明，对于六种活动类型，该程序具有中等程度的可重复性（ICC>0.6）。自我报告工具与GPS轨迹之间，机动出行时间的效度相关性较高（r = 0.226，<0.05）。PACER z评分与玩耍时间（r = 0.159，<0.05）和有组织的体育活动时间（r = 0.198，<0.05）呈正相关；与BMI z评分（r = -0.441，<0.0001）和HOMA（r = -0.472，<0.0001）呈高度负相关。总体而言，在三个观察日中，只有14%的儿童每天进行体育活动超过60分钟。