Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010 Dec;42(12):2211-21. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181e1fba9.
To describe physical activity (PA) levels by race/ethnicity, age, gender, and weight status in a representative sample of US youth.
Cross-sectional data from the 2003-2004 and 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were combined and analyzed. Youth aged 6-19 yr with at least four 10-h days of PA measured by accelerometry were included (n = 3106). Outcomes included mean counts per minute and minutes spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).
Among the groups, the 6- to 11-yr-olds spent more time (88 min·d) in MVPA than the 12- to 15-yr-olds (33 min·d) and 16- to 19-yr-olds (26 min·d; P < 0.001 for both). Females spent fewer minutes per day in MVPA than males (P < 0.001). Overall, obese youth spent 16 fewer minutes per day in MVPA than normal-weight youth. However, non-Hispanic white males spent three to four fewer minutes per day in vigorous PA than Mexican American (MA; P = 0.004) and non-Hispanic black (P < 0.001) males but had lower obesity rates and obese 12- to 15-yr-old MA recorded similar minutes in MVPA per day as normal-weight MA (P > 0.050). There was a significant three-way age-body mass index-race/ethnicity interaction for mean minutes per day in MVPA (P < 0.001). Adjustment for total energy intake did not qualitatively alter these results.
Females and older youth were the least active groups. Obese youth were generally less active, but this did not hold uniformly across race/ethnic groups. Cultural or biological factors could moderate the association between PA and obesity in youth.
描述美国青少年中按种族/民族、年龄、性别和体重状况划分的体力活动（PA）水平。
对 2003-2004 年和 2005-2006 年全国健康与营养调查的横断面数据进行了合并和分析。研究对象为至少有 4 天每天进行 10 小时 PA 测量的、年龄在 6-19 岁之间的青少年（n=3106）。主要结局包括平均每分钟计数和中高强度体力活动（MVPA）所花费的时间。
在各个组别中，6-11 岁儿童每天进行 MVPA 的时间（88 分钟）多于 12-15 岁（33 分钟）和 16-19 岁（26 分钟；均 P<0.001）。女性每天进行 MVPA 的时间少于男性（均 P<0.001）。总体而言，肥胖青少年每天进行 MVPA 的时间比正常体重青少年少 16 分钟。然而，与墨西哥裔美国人（MA）和非裔美国人（P<0.001）男性相比，非西班牙裔白种男性每天进行剧烈 PA 的时间少了 3-4 分钟，但肥胖率较低；12-15 岁肥胖 MA 青少年每天进行 MVPA 的时间与正常体重 MA 相似（P>0.050）。MVPA 每日平均分钟数存在显著的年龄-体质指数-种族/民族三向交互作用（P<0.001）。调整总能量摄入量并没有从质上改变这些结果。
女性和年龄较大的青少年是最不活跃的群体。肥胖青少年的体力活动一般较少，但这在不同的种族/民族群体中并不一致。文化或生物学因素可能会调节青少年中 PA 与肥胖之间的关系。
