Pagani E, Tarducci A, Borrelli A, Iotti B, Tursi M, Zanatta R
Section of Clinical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, L. Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Section of Epidemiology, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, L. Paolo Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Anat Histol Embryol. 2017 Apr;46(2):187-194. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12256. Epub 2016 Oct 17.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of the adrenal glands was performed in 85 dogs, followed by macroscopic and histopathological examination either post-mortem or after adrenalectomy. This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the difference between gross and ultrasonographic measurements to determine the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in the evaluation of canine adrenal gland size. The differences were assessed for gland length, thickness at cranial, middle and caudal regions, and surface area. In our sample, ultrasound error accuracy ranged between 0% in measurement of the right adrenal gland surface area and 25.21% for left cranial pole thickness. The parameters with minor errors were caudal pole thickness (3.64% right side and 3.49% left side) and length (5.75% right side and 2.19% left side). The ultrasonographic measurements generally underestimated the actual size of the adrenal glands. No statistically significant differences were observed for measurement errors between normal and pathological adrenal glands. This study confirmed that the caudal pole of both glands is the best parameter for ultrasonographic evaluation of normal and pathological adrenal glands size in dog. Furthermore, the surface area could be considered as a dimensional parameter for better assessment of the complex shape and the global aspect of the adrenal glands, while standardize ultrasonographic projections are needed to measure the cranial pole of both adrenal glands.
对85只犬进行了肾上腺的超声检查，随后进行了尸体剖检或肾上腺切除术后的大体和组织病理学检查。这项回顾性横断面研究评估了大体测量与超声测量之间的差异，以确定超声检查在评估犬肾上腺大小方面的诊断准确性。对腺体长度、头侧、中间和尾侧区域的厚度以及表面积的差异进行了评估。在我们的样本中，超声测量误差准确率在右侧肾上腺表面积测量的0%至左侧头极厚度测量的25.21%之间。误差较小的参数是尾极厚度（右侧为3.64%，左侧为3.49%）和长度（右侧为5.75%，左侧为2.19%）。超声测量通常低估了肾上腺的实际大小。在正常和病理性肾上腺之间，测量误差未观察到统计学上的显著差异。本研究证实，两个腺体的尾极是超声评估犬正常和病理性肾上腺大小的最佳参数。此外，表面积可被视为一个尺寸参数，以便更好地评估肾上腺的复杂形状和整体外观，同时需要标准化超声投影来测量两个肾上腺的头极。
