Rakotonimaro Tsiverihasina V, Neculita Carmen Mihaela, Bussière Bruno, Benzaazoua Mostafa, Zagury Gérald J
Research Institute on Mines and Environment (RIME), University of Quebec in Abitibi-Temiscamingue (UQAT), Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada.
RIME, Department of Civil, Geological, and Mineral Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3A7, Canada.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jan;24(1):73-91. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7733-7. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
The treatment of mine drainage-impacted waters generates considerable amounts of sludge, which raises several concerns, such as storage and disposal, stability, and potential social and environmental impacts. To alleviate the storage and management costs, as well as to give the mine sludge a second life, recovery and reuse have recently become interesting options. In this review, different recovery and reuse options of sludge originating from active and passive treatment of mine drainage are identified and thoroughly discussed, based on available laboratory and field studies. The most valuable products presently recovered from the mine sludge are the iron oxy-hydroxides (ochre). Other by-products include metals, elemental sulfur, and calcium carbonate. Mine sludge reuse includes the removal of contaminants, such as As, P, dye, and rare earth elements. Mine sludge can also be reused as stabilizer for contaminated soil, as fertilizer in agriculture/horticulture, as substitute material in construction, as cover over tailings for acid mine drainage prevention and control, as material to sequester carbon dioxide, and in cement and pigment industries. The review also stresses out some of the current challenges and research needs. Finally, in order to move forward, studies are needed to better estimate the contribution of sludge recovery/reuse to the overall costs of mine water treatment.
矿井排水影响水体的处理会产生大量污泥，这引发了诸多问题，如储存与处置、稳定性以及潜在的社会和环境影响。为减轻储存和管理成本，并赋予矿井污泥第二次生命，回收和再利用近来成为了颇具吸引力的选择。在本综述中，基于现有的实验室和现场研究，确定并深入讨论了源自矿井排水主动和被动处理的污泥的不同回收和再利用选项。目前从矿井污泥中回收的最有价值的产品是羟基氧化铁（赭石）。其他副产品包括金属、元素硫和碳酸钙。矿井污泥的再利用包括去除污染物，如砷、磷、染料和稀土元素。矿井污泥还可作为污染土壤的稳定剂、农业/园艺中的肥料、建筑中的替代材料、尾矿的覆盖物以预防和控制酸性矿井排水、封存二氧化碳的材料，以及用于水泥和颜料行业。该综述还强调了一些当前的挑战和研究需求。最后，为了取得进展，需要开展研究以更好地评估污泥回收/再利用对矿井水处理总成本的贡献。
