Petrov Michael M, Petrova Atanaska, Stanimirova Irina, Mircheva-Topalova Marina, Koycheva Lalka, Velcheva Rayna, Stoycheva-Vartigova Mariana, Raycheva Ralitsa, Asseva Galina, Petrov Petar, Kardjeva Velichka, Murdjeva Marianna
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 15A "Vassil Aprilov" Blvd, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital "St. George"-Plovdiv, 15A Vassil Aprilov Blvd, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2017 Mar;62(2):117-125. doi: 10.1007/s12223-016-0478-3. Epub 2016 Oct 19.
The aim of this work is to study the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance to the most commonly used antibiotics for the treatment of acute gastroenteritis caused by Salmonella and Shigella at the largest Bulgarian hospital-University Hospital "St. George," Plovdiv-for the period 2009-2013. Two hundred ninety strains were in vitro tested for resistance to 15 antimicrobial agents. The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) was demonstrated by a variety of specialized tests. For comparison, a collection of 28 strains submitted by the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) "Enteric Infections" at the National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases (NCIPD), Sofia, was also tested for the production of ESBLs. In isolates, phenotypically demonstrated as ESBL producers, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of the genes bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, and bla-TEM was performed. Among the 290 tested isolates, only two- Salmonella serotype Livingstone and Shigella flexneri-were phenotypically proven to be ESBL producers. Only 4 strains from the collection of 28, submitted from the NRL "Intestinal Infections" in NCIPD, Sofia, were phenotypically confirmed as ESBL producers. The presence of the bla-CTX-M gene was detected in all of the tested strains (4 from NRL, NCIPD, Sofia, and 2 from the University Hospital St. George, Plovdiv), the bla-SHV gene only in strain S. Livingstone from Plovdiv, and the bla-TEM gene in two from Sofia and one (again S. Livingstone) from Plovdiv. In conclusion, Salmonella and Shigella isolates from patients hospitalized at the University Hospital St. George, Plovdiv, with acute gastroenteritis demonstrate good susceptibility to the most commonly used antibiotic agents, including azithromycin.
这项工作的目的是研究2009年至2013年期间，在保加利亚最大的医院——普罗夫迪夫的“圣乔治”大学医院中，沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌引起的急性肠胃炎最常用治疗抗生素的流行病学及抗菌耐药性。对290株菌株进行了15种抗菌剂的体外耐药性测试。通过各种专门测试证实了超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）的存在。为作比较，还对索非亚国家传染病和寄生虫病中心（NCIPD）的国家参考实验室（NRL）“肠道感染”提交的28株菌株进行了ESBLs产生情况的测试。在表型上显示为ESBL产生菌的分离株中，进行了bla-CTX-M、bla-SHV和bla-TEM基因的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测。在290株测试分离株中，只有两株——沙门氏菌利文斯通血清型和福氏志贺氏菌——在表型上被证实为ESBL产生菌。索非亚NCIPD的NRL“肠道感染”提交的28株菌株中，只有4株在表型上被确认为ESBL产生菌。在所有测试菌株中均检测到bla-CTX-M基因（4株来自索非亚的NCIPD的NRL，2株来自普罗夫迪夫的圣乔治大学医院），bla-SHV基因仅在普罗夫迪夫的利文斯通沙门氏菌菌株中检测到，bla-TEM基因在索非亚的两株菌株和普罗夫迪夫的一株（同样是利文斯通沙门氏菌）中检测到。总之，在普罗夫迪夫的圣乔治大学医院住院的急性肠胃炎患者中分离出的沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌菌株，对包括阿奇霉素在内的最常用抗生素药物表现出良好的敏感性。
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