Liang Xiaoniu, Ding Ding, Zhao Qianhua, Guo Qihao, Luo Jianfeng, Hong Zhen
Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Neurosciences, Shanghai, 200040, China.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
BMC Neurol. 2016 Oct 20;16(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0725-x.
The smell sense reduction was considered to represent the potentially warning of early stage of neurodegenerative disorders. The Shanghai Aging Study provided us a unique opportunity to explore the association between olfactory identification (OI) and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly in China.
OI of each participant was measured by the 12-item identification tests from Sniffin' Sticks Screening test (SSST-12). Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were diagnosed by Petersen criteria. We used the logistic regression analysis to explore the association between OI scores and cognitive function by adjusting potential confounders.
Among 1782 non-demented participants, 345 (19.4 %) participants were diagnosed as MCI. The mean OI score for participants with MCI [7.1 (SD 2.3)] was significantly lower than that for those with normal cognition [8.2 (SD 2.0), P < 0.0001]. After adjusted for age, gender, education, lifestyles, medical history, Apolipoprotein E genotype, lower OI score was found to be an independent influence factor related to MCI (OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.11-1.27).
Our study suggests that poor OI may be associated with MCI in elderly population. Further prospective studies may confirm the OI as a reliable and early marker predicting the decline of cognitive function.
嗅觉减退被认为是神经退行性疾病早期阶段的潜在警示信号。上海老龄化研究为我们提供了一个独特的机会，来探索中国社区居住老年人嗅觉识别（OI）与认知功能之间的关联。
通过嗅觉棒筛查测试（SSST - 12）中的12项识别测试来测量每位参与者的OI。根据彼得森标准诊断轻度认知障碍（MCI）参与者。我们使用逻辑回归分析，通过调整潜在混杂因素来探索OI得分与认知功能之间的关联。
在1782名非痴呆参与者中，345名（19.4%）参与者被诊断为MCI。MCI参与者的平均OI得分[7.1（标准差2.3）]显著低于认知正常者[8.2（标准差2.0），P < 0.0001]。在调整年龄、性别、教育程度、生活方式、病史、载脂蛋白E基因型后，发现较低的OI得分是与MCI相关的独立影响因素（比值比1.19，95%可信区间1.11 - 1.27）。
我们的研究表明，老年人OI较差可能与MCI有关。进一步的前瞻性研究可能会证实OI是预测认知功能下降的可靠早期标志物。
