Daniel João R, Santos António J, Antunes Marta, Fernandes Marília, Vaughn Brian E
William James Center for Research, ISPA-Instituto Universitário Lisbon, Portugal.
Human Development and Family Studies, Auburn University Auburn, AL, USA.
Front Psychol. 2016 Oct 6;7:1509. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01509. eCollection 2016.
We used stochastic actor-based models to test whether the developmental dynamics of friendships and antipathies in preschool peer groups (followed throughout three school years) were co-dependent. We combined choices from three sociometric tasks of 142 children to identify friendship and antipathy ties and used SIENA to model network dynamics. Our results show that different social processes drive the development of friendship and antipathy ties, and that they do not develop in association (i.e., friendship ties are not dependent on existing antipathies, and vice-versa). These results differ from those of older children (age range = 10-14) suggesting that the interplay of friendship and antipathy only plays a significant role in the peer group context in older children. We propose these differences to be likely related with preschool age children's inaccurate perceptions of their classmates' relationships, particularly of their antipathies, and/or with the absence of shared norms to deal with antipathetic relationships.
我们使用基于随机行为者的模型来测试学前同龄人群体中友谊和反感的发展动态（在三个学年中进行跟踪）是否相互依赖。我们结合了142名儿童在三项社会测量任务中的选择，以确定友谊和反感关系，并使用SIENA对网络动态进行建模。我们的结果表明，不同的社会过程驱动着友谊和反感关系的发展，而且它们并非相互关联地发展（即友谊关系并不依赖于现有的反感关系，反之亦然）。这些结果与年龄较大儿童（年龄范围 = 10 - 14岁）的结果不同，这表明友谊和反感的相互作用仅在年龄较大儿童的同龄人群体背景中发挥重要作用。我们认为这些差异可能与学龄前儿童对同学关系，特别是对他们反感关系的不准确认知，和/或与缺乏处理反感关系的共享规范有关。
