Wilson Laura A B, Ives Rachel, Humphrey Louise T
School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2017 Feb;162(2):255-266. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.23114. Epub 2016 Oct 21.
Sex-specific differences in the shape of the iliac crest have been reported based on quantification of simplified curvature using two-dimensional variables or qualitative identification of faint/marked S-shaped curvature. An objective and quantitative approach for the evaluation of iliac crest curvature in juveniles was developed. Using three-dimensional data, ontogenetic variation in iliac curvature was investigated in relation to size and chronological age and its accuracy for sex estimation among juveniles was evaluated.
Three-dimensional geometric morphometric landmarks were collected from virtual models of 53 surface-scanned ilia and used to: (1) quantify differences between male and female shape, and (2) to calculate a measure of sinuosity by extracting linear measurements relative to a plane constructed in virtual space.
Males were found to exhibit on average more pronounced curvature of the iliac crest than females in equivalent age groups, and the difference between sexes was more marked on the posterior section of the bone than on the anterior section. Classification accuracy was higher for measurements of sinuosity relative to a three-dimensional plane (62-87%) than for landmarks describing crest shape (64-74%).
An increased likelihood of correct male identification (reduced rate of false positive identification) was observed in older children (>5 years). This reflects divergence of male and female iliac crest shape with size (or age), and the development of a unique, more curved iliac crest shape in males. The results suggest more conspicuous male trait expression than female trait expression.
基于使用二维变量对简化曲率进行量化或对微弱/明显的S形曲率进行定性识别，已有关于髂嵴形状性别差异的报道。开发了一种客观且定量的方法来评估青少年的髂嵴曲率。利用三维数据，研究了髂嵴曲率的个体发育变异与大小和实际年龄的关系，并评估了其在青少年性别估计中的准确性。
从53个经表面扫描的髂骨虚拟模型中收集三维几何形态测量标志点，并用于：（1）量化男性和女性形状之间的差异，以及（2）通过提取相对于虚拟空间中构建平面的线性测量值来计算弯曲度。
发现在相同年龄组中，男性髂嵴的平均曲率比女性更明显，且性别差异在骨的后部比前部更显著。相对于三维平面的弯曲度测量的分类准确率（62 - 87%）高于描述嵴形状的标志点的分类准确率（64 - 74%）。
在年龄较大的儿童（>5岁）中观察到正确识别男性的可能性增加（假阳性识别率降低）。这反映了男性和女性髂嵴形状随大小（或年龄）的差异，以及男性独特的、更弯曲的髂嵴形状的发育。结果表明男性特征表达比女性特征表达更明显。
