Kassem Issmat I, Kehinde Olugbenga, Kumar Anand, Rajashekara Gireesh
Food Animal Health Research Program, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University , Wooster, Ohio.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2017 Jan;14(1):29-34. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2016.2161. Epub 2016 Sep 22.
Poultry is a major source of Campylobacter, which can cause foodborne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. Additionally, poultry-associated Campylobacter can develop resistance to important antimicrobials, which increases the risk to public health. While broiler chickens have been the focus of many studies, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter on layer farms has not received equal attention. However, the growing popularity of cage-free and organic layer farming necessitates a closer assessment of (1) the impact of these farming practices on the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter and (2) layers as a potential source for the transmission of these pathogens. Here, we showed that the prevalence of Campylobacter on organic and conventional layer farms was statistically similar (p > 0.05). However, the average number of Campylobacter jejuni-positive organically grown hens was lower (p < 0.05) in comparison to conventionally grown hens. Campylobacter isolated from both production systems carried antimicrobial resistance genes. The tet(O) and cmeB were the most frequently detected genes, while the occurrence of aph-3-1 and blaOXA-61 was significantly lower (p < 0.05). Farming practices appeared to have an effect on the antimicrobial resistance phenotype, because the isolates from organically grown hens on two farms (OF-2 and OF-3) exhibited significantly lower resistance (p < 0.05) to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tylosin. However, on one of the sampled organic farms (OF-1), a relatively high number of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter were isolated. We conclude that organic farming can potentially impact the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter. Nevertheless, this impact should be regularly monitored to avoid potential relapses.
家禽是弯曲杆菌的主要来源，弯曲杆菌可导致人类食源性细菌性肠胃炎。此外，与家禽相关的弯曲杆菌会对重要抗菌药物产生耐药性，这增加了公共卫生风险。虽然肉鸡一直是许多研究的重点，但蛋鸡养殖场中出现的耐抗菌药物弯曲杆菌却未受到同等关注。然而，随着散养和有机蛋鸡养殖的日益普及，有必要更仔细地评估：（1）这些养殖方式对耐抗菌药物弯曲杆菌出现的影响；（2）蛋鸡作为这些病原体传播的潜在来源。在此，我们表明，有机和传统蛋鸡养殖场中弯曲杆菌的流行率在统计学上相似（p > 0.05）。然而，与传统养殖的母鸡相比，有机养殖的空肠弯曲杆菌阳性母鸡的平均数量较低（p < 0.05）。从这两种生产系统中分离出的弯曲杆菌都携带抗菌耐药基因。tet(O)和cmeB是最常检测到的基因，而aph-3-1和blaOXA-61的出现频率则显著较低（p < 0.05）。养殖方式似乎对抗菌耐药表型有影响，因为来自两个农场（OF-2和OF-3）的有机养殖母鸡的分离株对环丙沙星、红霉素和泰乐菌素的耐药性显著较低（p < 0.05）。然而，在其中一个抽样的有机农场（OF-1）中，分离出了相对较多的耐抗菌药物弯曲杆菌。我们得出结论，有机养殖可能会影响耐抗菌药物弯曲杆菌的出现。尽管如此，应定期监测这种影响，以避免潜在的复发情况。
