Colangelo Laura A, Ouyang Pamela, Golden Sherita Hill, Szklo Moyses, Gapstur Susan M, Vaidya Dhananjay, Liu Kiang
Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 680 North Lake Shore Drive, Suite 1400, Chicago, IL 60611, United States.
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017 Jan;75:26-35. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.003. Epub 2016 Oct 14.
Considering that estradiol (E2) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have roles in neurogenesis and in neurotransmission, we examined whether the association of PUFAs with incident depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women is modified by hormone therapy (HT) use or estrogen status.
Women (N=1616) free of depressive symptoms at baseline (2000-2002) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis were classified by HT usage and quartiles of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the sum EPA+DHA. Women with serum E2 ≤0.073 nmol/L (sample median), were classified low on E2. Poisson regression was used to model incident depressive symptoms at examination 3 (2004-05), defined by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale ≥16 or taking an antidepressant, first as a function of HT use and n-3 PUFA quartiles, and second, as a function of low E2 status and n-3 PUFA quartiles.
Among HT non- users, positive, graded relationships (p-trends≤0.003) were found between PUFAs and incident depressive symptoms. Compared to the lowest quartile, the adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for the highest were 2.10, 2.39, and 2.04 for EPA, DHA, and EPA+DHA, respectively. For HT users, no associations were seen. When analyses were run for E2 status, the RRs over quartiles of the PUFAs were positive and graded for low E2 women, but were null for High E2 women.
Higher intakes of DHA and EPA were associated with higher risk of depressive symptoms in nonusers of HT, contrary to hypothesis.
鉴于雌二醇（E2）和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）在神经发生和神经传递中发挥作用，我们研究了PUFAs与绝经后女性新发抑郁症状之间的关联是否会因激素治疗（HT）的使用或雌激素状态而改变。
在动脉粥样硬化多民族研究中，对基线时（2000 - 2002年）无抑郁症状的女性（N = 1616），根据HT使用情况以及膳食二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）和EPA + DHA总和的四分位数进行分类。血清E2≤0.073 nmol/L（样本中位数）的女性被归类为E2水平低。采用泊松回归模型分析第3次检查时（2004 - 2005年）的新发抑郁症状，抑郁症状由流行病学研究中心抑郁量表≥16或服用抗抑郁药定义，首先作为HT使用和n - 3多不饱和脂肪酸四分位数的函数，其次作为低E2状态和n - 3多不饱和脂肪酸四分位数的函数。
在未使用HT的女性中，PUFAs与新发抑郁症状之间存在正向的、分级的关系（p趋势≤0.003）。与最低四分位数相比，EPA、DHA和EPA + DHA最高四分位数的调整风险比（RRs）分别为2.1
