McCarty Richard
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37240, USA.
Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2017 Jan;75:5-14. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2016.10.004. Epub 2016 Oct 15.
Major advances in behavioral neuroscience have been facilitated by the development of consistent and highly reproducible experimental paradigms that have been widely adopted. In contrast, many different experimental approaches have been employed to expose laboratory mice and rats to acute versus chronic intermittent stress. An argument is advanced in this review that more consistent approaches to the design of chronic intermittent stress experiments would provide greater reproducibility of results across laboratories and greater reliability relating to various neural, endocrine, immune, genetic, and behavioral adaptations. As an example, the H-H* experimental design incorporates control, homotypic (H), and heterotypic (H*) groups and allows for comparisons across groups, where each animal is exposed to the same stressor, but that stressor has vastly different biological and behavioral effects depending upon each animal's prior stress history. Implementation of the H-H* experimental paradigm makes possible a delineation of transcriptional changes and neural, endocrine, and immune pathways that are activated in precisely defined stressor contexts.
行为神经科学的重大进展得益于已被广泛采用的一致且高度可重复的实验范式的发展。相比之下，人们采用了许多不同的实验方法，使实验室小鼠和大鼠暴露于急性与慢性间歇性应激之下。本综述提出一种观点，即采用更一致的方法设计慢性间歇性应激实验，将能在各实验室间实现更高的结果可重复性，并在各种神经、内分泌、免疫、遗传和行为适应方面具有更高的可靠性。例如，H-H实验设计纳入了对照组、同型（H）组和异型（H）组，并允许对各实验组进行比较，其中每只动物都暴露于相同的应激源，但该应激源根据每只动物先前的应激史会产生截然不同的生物学和行为效应。实施H-H*实验范式能够描绘在精确界定的应激源环境中被激活的转录变化以及神经、内分泌和免疫途径。
