Benlloch-González María, Quintero José Manuel, Suárez María Paz, Sánchez-Lucas Rosa, Fernández-Escobar Ricardo, Benlloch Manuel
Departamento de Agronomía, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, Km. 396, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Universidad de Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera, Km. 1, E-41013 Seville, Spain.
J Plant Physiol. 2016 Dec 1;207:22-29. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.10.001. Epub 2016 Oct 6.
There is little information about the prolonged effect of a moderately high temperature on the growth of olive (Olea europaea L.). It has been suggested that when the temperature of the air rises above 35°C the shoot growth of olive is inhibited while there is any reference on how growth is affected when the soil is warmed. In order to examine these effects, mist-cuttings and young plants generated from seeds were grown under moderate high temperature (37°C) for 64 and 42days respectively. In our study, plant dry matter accumulation was reduced when the temperature of both the air and the root medium was moderately high. However, when the temperature of the root medium was 25°C, the inhibitory effect of air high temperature on plant growth was not observed. The exposure of both the aerial part and the root to moderate high temperature also reduced the accumulation of K in the stem and the root, the water use efficiency and leaf relative water content. However, when only the aerial part was exposed to moderate high temperature, the accumulation of K in the stem, the water use efficiency and leaf relative water content were not modified. The results from this study suggest that the olive is very efficient in regulating the water and potassium transport through the plant when only the atmosphere surrounding the aerial part is warmed up. However, an increase in the soil temperature decrease root K uptake and its transport to the aerial parts resulting in a reduction in shoot water status and growth.
关于适度高温对橄榄（油橄榄）生长的长期影响，相关信息较少。有研究表明，当气温升至35°C以上时，橄榄的枝条生长会受到抑制，然而关于土壤升温时生长如何受到影响却鲜有提及。为了研究这些影响，分别将雾培插条和种子培育的幼苗在适度高温（37°C）下培养64天和42天。在我们的研究中，当空气和根系介质温度均适度升高时，植物干物质积累减少。然而，当根系介质温度为25°C时，未观察到空气高温对植物生长的抑制作用。地上部分和根系暴露于适度高温也会降低茎和根中钾的积累、水分利用效率和叶片相对含水量。然而，当仅地上部分暴露于适度高温时，茎中钾的积累、水分利用效率和叶片相对含水量并未改变。本研究结果表明，当仅地上部分周围的大气升温时，橄榄在调节植物体内水分和钾的运输方面非常有效。然而，土壤温度升高会降低根系对钾的吸收及其向地上部分的运输，导致地上部分水分状况和生长下降。
