Arden 语法的演变：从标准制定组织的角度看关键技术问题。
Evolution of the Arden Syntax: Key Technical Issues from the Standards Development Organization Perspective.
机构信息
Center for Biomedical Informatics, Charles Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA; Department of Medicine, Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Section for Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Medexter Healthcare GmbH, Borschkegasse 7/5, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Artif Intell Med. 2018 Nov;92:10-14. doi: 10.1016/j.artmed.2016.08.001. Epub 2016 Aug 11.
BACKGROUND
The initial version of the Arden Syntax for Medical Logic Systems was created to facilitate explicit representation of medical logic in a form that could be easily composed and interpreted by clinical experts in order to facilitate clinical decision support (CDS). Because of demand from knowledge engineers and programmers to improve functionality related to complex use cases, the Arden Syntax evolved to include features typical of general programming languages but that were specialized to meet the needs of the clinical decision support environment, including integration into a clinical information system architecture.
METHOD
Review of the design history and evolution of the Arden Syntax by workers who participated in this evolution from the perspective of the standards development organization (SDO).
RESULTS
In order to meet user needs, a variety of features were successively incorporated in Arden Syntax. These can be grouped in several classes of change, including control flow, data structures, operators and external links. These changes included expansion of operators to manipulate lists and strings; a formalism for structured output; iteration constructs; user-defined objects and operators to manipulate them; features to support international use and output in different natural languages; additional control features; fuzzy logic formalisms; and mapping of the entire syntax to XML. The history and rationale of this evolution are summarized.
CONCLUSION
In response to user demand and to reflect its growing role in clinical decision support, the Arden Syntax has evolved to include a number of powerful features. These depart somewhat from the original vision of the syntax as simple and easily understandable but from the SDO perspective increase the utility of this standard for implementation of CDS. Backwards compatibility has been maintained, allowing continued support of the earlier, simpler decision support models.
背景
最初的 Arden 医学逻辑系统语法版本是为了方便以一种易于临床专家组合和解释的形式明确表示医学逻辑而创建的，以促进临床决策支持（CDS）。由于知识工程师和程序员要求提高与复杂用例相关的功能，因此 Arden 语法不断发展，包括通常编程语言的典型功能，但专门针对临床决策支持环境的需求进行了优化，包括集成到临床信息系统架构中。
方法
从参与该演变的标准制定组织（SDO）的角度，对 Arden 语法的设计历史和演变进行回顾。
结果
为了满足用户需求， Arden 语法中成功地相继纳入了各种功能。这些功能可以分为几类更改，包括控制流、数据结构、运算符和外部链接。这些更改包括扩展运算符以操纵列表和字符串；用于结构化输出的形式化；迭代结构；用于操纵它们的用户定义对象和运算符；支持国际使用和以不同自然语言输出的功能；附加控制功能；模糊逻辑形式化；以及整个语法到 XML 的映射。总结了这种演变的历史和基本原理。
结论
为了响应用户的需求并反映其在临床决策支持中日益增长的作用，Arden 语法已经发展到包括许多强大的功能。这些功能与语法的原始简单且易于理解的构想有些偏离，但从 SDO 的角度来看，增加了该标准用于实现 CDS 的实用性。向后兼容性得以保持，允许继续支持早期的、更简单的决策支持模型。
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