De Andrés-García Sara, Cano-López Irene, Moya-Albiol Luis, González-Bono Esperanza
Universitat de València.
Psicothema. 2016 Nov;28(4):377-382. doi: 10.7334/psicothema2015.76.
Negative affect (NA) and chronic stress are separately associated with health imbalances, and the interaction between the two aspects remains unclear. Care of relatives with long-term pathologies could be a likely model in the study of this issue, as caregivers frequently report chronic stress and health complaints. The aim of this study is examine the role of NA on psychophysiological stress-induced response and health in schizophrenia caregivers.
Forty-one caregivers were distributed into two groups accordingly to their scores in NA. Thirteen non-caregivers were included as a control group. Participants were exposed to a repeated acute psychosocial stress while salivary cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and skin conductance level (SCL) were measured before, during, and after stress. Mood, state-anxiety, care conditions and perceived general health were also assessed.
Caregivers with higher NA reported negative perceptions, worse health, and greater decreases in cortisol and IgA response than caregivers with low NA and than non-caregivers.
NA could reduce the capability to develop adaptive psychophysiological stress responses. From a preventive view, the evaluation of NA could be useful to detect and assist high-risk individuals in potentially chronically stressed populations.
消极情绪（NA）和慢性应激分别与健康失衡相关，而这两个方面之间的相互作用仍不清楚。照顾患有长期疾病的亲属可能是研究此问题的一个合适模型，因为照顾者经常报告有慢性应激和健康问题。本研究的目的是探讨消极情绪在精神分裂症照顾者心理生理应激诱导反应及健康方面所起的作用。
41名照顾者根据其消极情绪得分被分为两组。13名非照顾者作为对照组。参与者在反复经历急性心理社会应激时，测量唾液皮质醇、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）和皮肤电导水平（SCL），分别在应激前、应激期间和应激后进行测量。同时还评估了情绪、状态焦虑、照顾情况和总体健康感知。
消极情绪较高的照顾者相比消极情绪较低的照顾者以及非照顾者，报告了消极的认知、较差的健康状况，并且皮质醇和IgA反应下降幅度更大。
消极情绪可能会降低产生适应性心理生理应激反应的能力。从预防的角度来看，评估消极情绪可能有助于在潜在的慢性应激人群中检测和帮助高危个体。
