McKenna D J, Koritz G D, Neff-Davis C A, Langston V C, Berger L L
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1989 Sep 1;195(5):603-5.
A field trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of theophylline in relieving respiratory distress associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (shipping fever). Theophylline (as aminophylline capsules) was administered PO at a dosage of 28 mg/kg of body weight daily for 3 days to 20 calves with naturally acquired disease. Twenty similarly affected calves from the same group were given a placebo, and all calves were administered antibiotics concurrently. Respiratory rate and rectal temperature decreased and physical appearance improved in both groups of calves and was attributed to antibiotic administration or to natural remission of the disease. Five of the calves administered theophylline died; however, no calves administered the placebo died. Plasma theophylline concentration was greatly increased, compared with that determined in clinically normal calves in a pilot study. Bovine respiratory tract disease and/or concurrent antibiotic administration appear to cause such a rapid accumulation of lethal concentration of theophylline that its use should be restricted to hospitals capable of monitoring plasma theophylline concentration.
进行了一项田间试验，以确定茶碱缓解与牛呼吸道疾病综合征（运输热）相关的呼吸窘迫的疗效。将茶碱（以氨茶碱胶囊形式）以28毫克/千克体重的剂量口服给药，每天一次，连续3天，用于20头自然感染疾病的犊牛。从同一组中选取20头受类似影响的犊牛给予安慰剂，所有犊牛同时给予抗生素。两组犊牛的呼吸频率和直肠温度均下降，身体状况改善，这归因于抗生素给药或疾病的自然缓解。接受茶碱治疗的犊牛中有5头死亡；然而，接受安慰剂治疗的犊牛没有死亡。与初步研究中临床正常犊牛测定的血浆茶碱浓度相比，血浆茶碱浓度大幅升高。牛呼吸道疾病和/或同时使用抗生素似乎会导致茶碱的致死浓度迅速积累，因此其使用应仅限于能够监测血浆茶碱浓度的医院。
