Walker Guy H, Salmon Paul M, Bedinger Melissa, Stanton Neville A
a Centre for Sustainable Road Freight, Heriot-Watt University , Edinburgh , Scotland.
b Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems , University of the Sunshine Coast , Queensland , Australia.
Ergonomics. 2017 Feb;60(2):157-166. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1231840. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
A paradigm is an accepted world view. If we do not continually question our paradigm then wider trends and movements will overtake the discipline leaving it ill adapted to future challenges. This Special Issue is an opportunity to keep systems thinking at the forefront of ergonomics theory and practice. Systems thinking prompts us to ask whether ergonomics, as a discipline, has been too timid? Too preoccupied with the resolution of immediate problems with industrial-age methods when, approaching fast, are developments which could render these operating assumptions an irrelevance. Practical case studies are presented to show how abstract systems problems can be tackled head-on to deliver highly innovative and cost-effective insights. The strategic direction of the discipline foregrounds high-quality systems problems. These are something the discipline is well able to respond to provided that the appropriate operating paradigms are selected. Practitioner Summary: High-quality systems problems are the future of the discipline. How do we convert obtuse sounding systems concepts into practical interventions? In this paper, the essence of systems thinking is distilled and practical case studies used to demonstrate the benefits of this new paradigm.
范式是一种被广泛接受的世界观。如果我们不持续审视我们的范式,那么更广泛的趋势和动态将超越该学科,使其难以适应未来的挑战。本期特刊为将系统思维置于人机工程学理论与实践前沿提供了契机。系统思维促使我们思考,作为一门学科,人机工程学是否过于保守?当快速发展的趋势可能使这些操作假设变得无关紧要时,它是否过于专注于用工业时代的方法解决眼前的问题?文中呈现了实际案例研究,展示了如何直接应对抽象的系统问题,从而获得极具创新性和成本效益的见解。该学科的战略方向突出了高质量的系统问题。只要选择合适的操作范式,该学科就能很好地应对这些问题。从业者总结:高质量的系统问题是该学科的未来。我们如何将听起来晦涩的系统概念转化为实际的干预措施?在本文中,提炼了系统思维的精髓,并通过实际案例研究来展示这种新范式的益处。