Bibbins-Domingo Kirsten, Grossman David C, Curry Susan J, Davidson Karina W, Epling John W, García Francisco A R, Kemper Alex R, Krist Alex H, Kurth Ann E, Landefeld C Seth, Mangione Carol M, Phillips William R, Phipps Maureen G, Pignone Michael P
University of California, San Francisco.
Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington.
JAMA. 2016 Oct 25;316(16):1688-1693. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.14697.
There is convincing evidence that breastfeeding provides substantial health benefits for children. However, nearly half of all US mothers who initially breastfeed stop doing so by 6 months, and there are significant disparities in breastfeeding rates among younger mothers and in disadvantaged communities.
To update the 2008 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on primary care interventions to promote breastfeeding.
The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to support breastfeeding on breastfeeding initiation, duration, and exclusivity. The USPSTF also briefly reviewed the literature on the effects of these interventions on child and maternal health outcomes.
The USPSTF found adequate evidence that interventions to support breastfeeding, including professional support, peer support, and formal education, change behavior and that the harms of these interventions are no greater than small. The USPSTF concludes with moderate certainty that interventions to support breastfeeding have a moderate net benefit.
The USPSTF recommends providing interventions during pregnancy and after birth to support breastfeeding. (B recommendation).
有确凿证据表明母乳喂养对儿童健康有诸多益处。然而，美国近一半最初进行母乳喂养的母亲在孩子6个月大时就停止了，年轻母亲以及弱势社区的母乳喂养率存在显著差异。
更新2008年美国预防服务工作组（USPSTF）关于促进母乳喂养的初级保健干预措施的建议。
USPSTF审查了关于支持母乳喂养的干预措施在母乳喂养启动、持续时间和纯母乳喂养方面有效性的证据。USPSTF还简要回顾了这些干预措施对儿童和母亲健康结果影响的文献。
USPSTF发现有充分证据表明支持母乳喂养的干预措施，包括专业支持、同伴支持和正规教育，能够改变行为，且这些干预措施的危害不大于轻微程度。USPSTF有中等程度的确定性得出结论，支持母乳喂养的干预措施有中等程度的净益处。
USPSTF建议在孕期和产后提供支持母乳喂养的干预措施。（B级推荐）
