Yu Xiao-Bo, Chen Xiao-Hui, Shan Li-Peng, Hao Kai, Wang Gao-Xue
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2016 Oct 27;121(3):189-199. doi: 10.3354/dao03053.
Moroxydine hydrochloride (Mor) and ribavirin (Rib) have been reported to exhibit multi-antiviral activities against DNA and RNA viruses, but their antiviral activities and pharmacologies have seldom been studied in aquaculture. This paper has selected 3 aquatic viruses including a double-stranded RNA virus (grass carp reovirus, GCRV), a single-stranded RNA virus (spring viraemia of carp virus, SVCV) and a DNA virus (giant salamander iridovirus, GSIV) for antiviral testing. The results showed that Mor and Rib can effectively control the infection of GCRV and GSIV in respective host cells. Further study was undertaken to explore the antivirus efficiencies and pharmacological mechanisms of Mor and Rib on GCRV and GSIV in vitro. Briefly, compounds showed over 50% protective effects at 15.9 µg ml-1 except for the group of GSIV-infected epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells treated with Mor. Moreover, Mor and Rib blocked the virus-induced cytopathic effects and apoptosis in host cells to keep the normal cellular structure. The expression of VP1 (GCRV) and major capsid protein (MCP; GSIV) gene was also significantly inhibited in the virus-infected cells when treated with Mor and Rib. Cytotoxicity assay verified the 2 compounds had no toxic effects on grass carp ovary (GCO) cells and EPC cells at ≤96 µg ml-1. In conclusion, these results indicated that exposing GCRV-infected GCO cells and GSIV-infected EPC cells to Mor and Rib could elicit significant antiviral responses, and the 2 compounds have been shown to be promising agents for viral control in the aquaculture industry.
据报道，盐酸吗啉胍（Mor）和利巴韦林（Rib）对DNA和RNA病毒具有多种抗病毒活性，但它们的抗病毒活性和药理学在水产养殖中很少被研究。本文选择了3种水生病毒进行抗病毒测试，包括一种双链RNA病毒（草鱼呼肠孤病毒，GCRV）、一种单链RNA病毒（鲤春病毒血症病毒，SVCV）和一种DNA病毒（大鲵虹彩病毒，GSIV）。结果表明，Mor和Rib可以分别有效控制GCRV和GSIV在各自宿主细胞中的感染。进一步研究探讨了Mor和Rib对GCRV和GSIV的体外抗病毒效率和药理机制。简而言之，除了用Mor处理的受GSIV感染的鲤上皮瘤（EPC）细胞组外，化合物在15.9µg/ml时显示出超过50%的保护作用。此外，Mor和Rib阻断了病毒诱导的宿主细胞病变效应和凋亡，以保持正常的细胞结构。在用Mor和Rib处理时，病毒感染细胞中VP1（GCRV）和主要衣壳蛋白（MCP；GSIV）基因的表达也受到显著抑制。细胞毒性试验证实，这两种化合物在≤96µg/ml时对草鱼卵巢（GCO）细胞和EPC细胞没有毒性作用。总之，这些结果表明，将受GCRV感染的GCO细胞和受GSIV感染的EPC细胞暴露于Mor和Rib可以引发显著的抗病毒反应，并且这两种化合物已被证明是水产养殖业中控制病毒的有前景的药物。
