College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
Antiviral Res. 2015 Jun;118:29-38. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2015.03.006. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Infectious diseases of viral origin cause major aquatic production losses in different parts of the world. Because of formidable barriers for gastrointestinal tract, skin and cell, large amounts of antiviral drugs have limited therapeutic effect. In the current study, functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were selected as a drug carrier to carry antiviral drug for the treatment of viral diseases on fish. The results show that increasing antiviral drug (ribavirin) intake was observed by SWCNTs carrier and therapeutic dosage to kill grass carp reovirus is significantly reduced. At 12d post infection, survival rate and infection rate were 29.7% and 50.4% for naked ribavirin treatment group exposed to the highest concentration (20 mg/L); however, survival rate of 96.6% and infection rate of 9.4% were observed in 5 mg/L ribavirin-SWCNTs treatment group. In addition, the drug detention time in different organs and tissues (blood, gill, liver, muscle, kidney and intestine) was also significantly extended (about 72 h) compared with the same dosage in naked ribavirin treatment group. Moreover, the toxicity of functionalized SWCNTs in grass carp can be minimal, and physiological markers (some antioxidant enzymes activities, apoptotic factors activities and their corresponding genes expression) remained within normal ranges following treatment. Our results indicated that drug delivery with functionalized SWCNTs can improve the antiviral effect on grass carp and has a potential application value to control fish viral diseases in aquaculture.
由病毒引起的传染病会在世界不同地区造成严重的水产养殖损失。由于肠道、皮肤和细胞存在难以逾越的屏障，大量抗病毒药物的治疗效果有限。在本研究中，选择功能化单壁碳纳米管（SWCNTs）作为药物载体，将抗病毒药物携带用于治疗鱼类病毒病。结果表明，通过 SWCNTs 载体增加抗病毒药物（利巴韦林）的摄入，并降低治疗草金鱼呼肠孤病毒的治疗剂量。在感染后 12d，最高浓度（20mg/L）下裸露利巴韦林处理组的存活率和感染率分别为 29.7%和 50.4%；然而，在 5mg/L 利巴韦林-SWCNTs 处理组中，存活率为 96.6%，感染率为 9.4%。此外，与裸露利巴韦林处理组相同剂量相比，药物在不同器官和组织（血液、鳃、肝、肌肉、肾和肠）中的滞留时间也显著延长（约 72h）。此外，功能化 SWCNTs 在草鱼中的毒性可以很小，在治疗后生理标志物（一些抗氧化酶活性、凋亡因子活性及其相应基因表达）仍保持在正常范围内。我们的结果表明，用功能化 SWCNTs 进行药物递送可以提高对草鱼的抗病毒效果，具有控制水产养殖中鱼类病毒性疾病的潜在应用价值。
