Lee Samantha, Hung Richard, Yin Guohua, Klich Maren A, Grimm Casey, Bennett Joan W
Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Department of Biology, Kean University, Union, NJ 07083, USA.
Mycobiology. 2016 Sep;44(3):162-170. doi: 10.5941/MYCO.2016.44.3.162. Epub 2016 Sep 30.
In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of to detect different mixtures of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by the common indoor fungus, , and demonstrate the potential usage of the plant as a bioindicator to monitor fungal VOCs in indoor air. We evaluated the volatile production of strains SRRC 108 (NRRL 3449) and SRRC 2559 (ATCC 32662) grown on nutrient rich fungal medium, and grown under conditions to mimic the substrate encountered in the built environment where fungi would typically grow indoors (moist wallboard and ceiling tiles). Using headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we analyzed VOC profiles of the two strains. The most abundant compound produced by both strains on all three media was 1-octen-3-ol. Strain SRRC 2559 made several terpenes not detected from strain SRRC 108. Using a split-plate bioassay, we grew in a shared atmosphere with VOCs from the two strains of grown on yeast extract sucrose medium. The VOCs emitted by SRRC 2559 had an adverse impact on seed germination and plant growth. Chemical standards of individual VOCs from the mixture (2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-octen-3-ol, limonene, and β-farnesene), and β-caryophyllene were tested one by one in seed germination and vegetative plant growth assays. The most inhibitory compound to both seed germination and plant growth was 1-octen-3-ol. Our data suggest that is a useful model for monitoring indoor air quality as it is sensitive to naturally emitted fungal volatile mixtures as well as to chemical standards of individual compounds, and it exhibits relatively quick concentration- and duration-dependent responses.
在本文中，我们展示了[植物名称]检测常见室内真菌[真菌名称]所排放的不同挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）混合物的能力，并证明了该植物作为生物指示剂监测室内空气中真菌VOCs的潜在用途。我们评估了在营养丰富的真菌培养基上生长的[真菌名称]菌株SRRC 108（NRRL 3449）和SRRC 2559（ATCC 32662）的挥发性物质产生情况，这些菌株是在模拟真菌通常在室内生长的建筑环境中遇到的底物（潮湿的墙板和天花板瓷砖）的条件下培养的。使用顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术，我们分析了这两种菌株的VOC谱图。在所有三种培养基上，两种菌株产生的最丰富化合物都是1 - 辛烯 - 3 - 醇。菌株SRRC 2559产生了几种在菌株SRRC 108中未检测到的萜类化合物。使用分隔平板生物测定法，我们将[植物名称]与在酵母提取物蔗糖培养基上生长的两种[真菌名称]菌株所产生的VOCs置于共享气氛中培养。SRRC 2559排放的VOCs对种子萌发和植物生长有不利影响。对[真菌名称]混合物（2 - 甲基 - 1 - 丁醇、3 - 甲基 - 1 - 丁醇、1 - 辛烯 - 3 - 醇、柠檬烯和β - 法尼烯）以及β - 石竹烯中的各个VOC化学标准品在种子萌发和植物营养生长测定中逐一进行了测试。对种子萌发和植物生长抑制作用最强的化合物是1 - 辛烯 - 3 - 醇。我们的数据表明，[植物名称]是监测室内空气质量的有用模型，因为它对天然排放的真菌挥发性混合物以及单个化合物的化学标准品敏感，并且表现出相对快速的浓度和持续时间依赖性反应。
