Jeanbille Mathilde, Gury Jérôme, Duran Robert, Tronczynski Jacek, Agogué Hélène, Ben Saïd Olfa, Ghiglione Jean-François, Auguet Jean-Christophe
Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie, Institut Pluridisciplinaire de Recherche sur l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - Université de Pau et des Pays de L'Adour Pau, France.
Laboratoire Biogéochimie des Contaminants Organiques, Unité Biogéochimie et Ecotoxicologie, Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement, Ifremer Centre Atlantique Nantes, France.
Front Microbiol. 2016 Oct 13;7:1637. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01637. eCollection 2016.
Traditionally, microbial surveys investigating the effect of chronic anthropogenic pressure such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminations consider just the alpha and beta diversity and ignore the interactions among the different taxa forming the microbial community. Here, we investigated the ecological relationships between the three domains of life (i.e., , and ) using 454 pyrosequencing on the 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes from chronically impacted and pristine sediments, along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion, Vermillion coast, Corsica, Bizerte lagoon and Lebanon) and the French Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay and English Channel). Our approach provided a robust ecological framework for the partition of the taxa abundance distribution into 859 core Operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and 6629 satellite OTUs. OTUs forming the core microbial community showed the highest sensitivity to changes in environmental and contaminant variations, with salinity, latitude, temperature, particle size distribution, total organic carbon (TOC) and PAH concentrations as main drivers of community assembly. The core communities were dominated by and for , by and for and and for . In order to find associations among microorganisms, we generated a co-occurrence network in which PAHs were found to impact significantly the potential predator - prey relationship in one microbial consortium composed of ciliates and . Comparison of network topological properties between contaminated and non-contaminated samples showed substantial differences in the network structure and indicated a higher vulnerability to environmental perturbations in the contaminated sediments.
传统上，研究多环芳烃（PAHs）污染等慢性人为压力影响的微生物调查仅考虑α和β多样性，而忽略了构成微生物群落的不同分类群之间的相互作用。在此，我们利用454焦磷酸测序技术，对来自地中海沿岸（利翁湾、朱红色海岸、科西嘉岛、比塞大泻湖和黎巴嫩）以及法国大西洋沿岸（比斯开湾和英吉利海峡）受长期影响和未受污染的沉积物中的16S rRNA和18S rRNA基因进行测序，研究了生命的三个域（即细菌、古菌和真核生物）之间的生态关系。我们的方法为将分类群丰度分布划分为859个核心操作分类单元（OTUs）和6629个卫星OTUs提供了一个强大的生态框架。构成核心微生物群落的OTUs对环境和污染物变化最为敏感，盐度、纬度、温度、粒度分布、总有机碳（TOC）和PAH浓度是群落组装的主要驱动因素。细菌域的核心群落主要由变形菌门和蓝细菌门主导，古菌域由泉古菌门和广古菌门主导，真核生物域由纤毛虫和甲藻主导。为了找到微生物之间的关联，我们构建了一个共现网络，发现PAHs显著影响了一个由纤毛虫和甲藻组成的微生物联合体中的潜在捕食-猎物关系。污染样本和未污染样本的网络拓扑属性比较显示，网络结构存在显著差异，表明受污染沉积物对环境扰动的脆弱性更高。
