Pfaus James G, Quintana Gonzalo R, Mac Cionnaith Conall, Parada Mayte
Department of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada;
Department of Psychology, Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Socioaffect Neurosci Psychol. 2016 Oct 25;6:32578. doi: 10.3402/snp.v6.32578. eCollection 2016.
The nature of a woman's orgasm has been a source of scientific, political, and cultural debate for over a century. Since the Victorian era, the pendulum has swung from the vagina to the clitoris, and to some extent back again, with the current debate stuck over whether internal sensory structures exist in the vagina that could account for orgasms based largely on their stimulation, or whether stimulation of the external glans clitoris is always necessary for orgasm.
We review the history of the clitoral versus vaginal orgasm debate as it has evolved with conflicting ideas and data from psychiatry and psychoanalysis, epidemiology, evolutionary theory, feminist political theory, physiology, and finally neuroscience.
A new synthesis is presented that acknowledges the enormous potential women have to experience orgasms from one or more sources of sensory input, including the external clitoral glans, internal region around the "G-spot" that corresponds to the internal clitoral bulbs, the cervix, as well as sensory stimulation of non-genital areas such as the nipples.
With experience, stimulation of one or all of these triggering zones are integrated into a "whole" set of sensory inputs, movements, body positions, autonomic arousal, and partner- and contextual-related cues, that reliably induces pleasure and orgasm during masturbation and copulation. The process of integration is iterative and can change across the lifespan with new experiences of orgasm.
一个多世纪以来，女性性高潮的本质一直是科学、政治和文化领域争论的焦点。自维多利亚时代以来，观点在阴道和阴蒂之间摇摆不定，在某种程度上又有所反复，目前的争论集中在阴道内是否存在能够在很大程度上基于其刺激引发性高潮的内部感觉结构，或者阴蒂头的外部刺激对于性高潮是否始终必要。
我们回顾了阴蒂性高潮与阴道性高潮争论的历史，随着来自精神病学与精神分析、流行病学、进化理论、女性主义政治理论、生理学以及最终神经科学的相互冲突的观点和数据，这一争论不断演变。
提出了一种新的综合观点，承认女性有巨大潜力从一种或多种感觉输入源体验性高潮，这些感觉输入源包括阴蒂头外部、与阴蒂球内部相对应的“G 点”周围的内部区域、子宫颈，以及乳头等非生殖器区域的感觉刺激。
随着经验的积累，对这些触发区域中的一个或全部的刺激会整合到一系列“整体”的感觉输入、动作、身体姿势、自主唤起以及与伴侣和情境相关的线索中，这些线索在自慰和性交过程中可靠地引发愉悦和性高潮。整合过程是反复的，并且会随着性高潮的新体验在整个生命周期中发生变化。
