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男性健康:一个被忽视的不平等问题。

Men's health: an overlooked inequality.

作者信息

Baker Peter

机构信息

Director, Global Action on Men's Health, London, UK.

出版信息

Br J Nurs. 2016 Oct 27;25(19):1054-1057. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2016.25.19.1054.

Abstract

Men's health outcomes are problematic globally, regionally and nationally. Male life expectancy was 3.6 years shorter than female life expectancy in the UK in 2015. Men take more risks with their health and are less likely than women to be aware of disease symptoms. They use primary care services less frequently than women, with likely impacts on health outcomes, especially for mental health, although there is evidence that for some conditions men may seek help just as quickly as women. Men's health initiatives have increased and there is growing evidence that 'gender-sensitive' interventions aimed at men can be effective. However, a strategic response, locally or nationally, to men's health problems in the UK has been absent. A number of actions, including by nurses, could make a difference. A national men's health policy, extended open hours in primary care, more outreach work and professional training, are among the measures suggested.

摘要

男性健康状况在全球、区域和国家层面都存在问题。2015年,英国男性的预期寿命比女性短3.6岁。男性在健康方面冒的风险更大,而且比女性更不容易察觉疾病症状。他们使用初级医疗服务的频率低于女性,这可能会对健康状况产生影响,尤其是对心理健康的影响,不过有证据表明,在某些情况下,男性寻求帮助的速度可能与女性一样快。针对男性的健康倡议有所增加,而且越来越多的证据表明,针对男性的“性别敏感”干预措施可能是有效的。然而,英国在地方或国家层面上,一直缺乏对男性健康问题的战略应对措施。包括护士在内的一些行动可能会带来改变。建议采取的措施包括制定国家男性健康政策、延长初级医疗服务的开放时间、开展更多外展工作以及进行专业培训等。

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