Department of Primary Care Medicine, University of Malaya eHealth Initiative, Faculty of Medicine, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Institute for Health & Wellbeing, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Apr 15;7(4):e10216. doi: 10.2196/10216.
Globally, the uptake of health screening is suboptimal, especially in men and those of younger age. In view of the increasing internet access and mobile phone ownership, ScreenMen, a mobile Web app, was developed to improve health screening uptake in men.
This study aimed to evaluate the utility and usability of ScreenMen.
This study used both qualitative and quantitative methods. Healthy men working in a banking institution were recruited to participate in this study. They were purposively sampled according to job position, age, education level, and screening status. Men were asked to use ScreenMen independently while the screen activities were being recorded. Once completed, retrospective think aloud with playback was conducted with men to obtain their feedback. They were asked to answer the System Usability Scale (SUS). Intention to undergo screening pre- and postintervention was also measured. Qualitative data were analyzed using a framework approach followed by thematic analysis. For quantitative data, the mean SUS score was calculated and change in intention to screening was analyzed using McNemar test.
In total, 24 men participated in this study. On the basis of the qualitative data, men found ScreenMen useful as they could learn more about their health risks and screening. They found ScreenMen convenient to use, which might trigger men to undergo screening. In terms of usability, men thought that ScreenMen was user-friendly and easy to understand. The key revision done on utility was the addition of a reminder function, whereas for usability, the revisions done were in terms of attracting and gaining users' trust, improving learnability, and making ScreenMen usable to all types of users. To attract men to use it, ScreenMen was introduced to users in terms of improving health instead of going for screening. Another important revision made was emphasizing the screening tests the users do not need, instead of just informing them about the screening tests they need. A Quick Assessment Mode was also added for users with limited attention span. The quantitative data showed that 8 out of 23 men (35%) planned to attend screening earlier than intended after using the ScreenMen. Furthermore, 4 out of 12 (33%) men who were in the precontemplation stage changed to either contemplation or preparation stage after using ScreenMen with P=.13. In terms of usability, the mean SUS score of 76.4 (SD 7.72) indicated that ScreenMen had good usability.
This study showed that ScreenMen was acceptable to men in terms of its utility and usability. The preliminary data suggested that ScreenMen might increase men's intention to undergo screening. This paper also presented key lessons learned from the beta testing, which is useful for public health experts and researchers when developing a user-centered mobile Web app.
在全球范围内，健康筛查的参与率不理想，尤其是在男性和年轻人群体中。考虑到互联网接入和移动电话拥有率的增加，开发了移动网络应用程序 ScreenMen，以提高男性的健康筛查参与率。
本研究旨在评估 ScreenMen 的实用性和易用性。
本研究采用定性和定量方法。招募了在一家银行机构工作的健康男性参与这项研究。根据工作职位、年龄、教育水平和筛查状况，对他们进行了有针对性的抽样。要求男性在使用 ScreenMen 时独立使用，并记录屏幕活动。完成后，通过回放进行回溯式思考，以获取他们的反馈。他们还被要求回答系统可用性量表（SUS）。干预前后也测量了进行筛查的意愿。定性数据采用框架方法进行分析，然后进行主题分析。对于定量数据，计算了 SUS 平均得分，并使用 McNemar 检验分析了筛查意愿的变化。
共有 24 名男性参与了这项研究。根据定性数据，男性认为 ScreenMen 很有用，因为他们可以更多地了解自己的健康风险和筛查情况。他们认为 ScreenMen 使用方便，这可能会促使男性进行筛查。在可用性方面，男性认为 ScreenMen 用户友好且易于理解。实用性方面的主要修订是添加了提醒功能，而在可用性方面，修订内容包括吸引和赢得用户信任、提高学习能力以及使 ScreenMen 适用于各种类型的用户。为了吸引男性使用，从改善健康的角度向用户介绍 ScreenMen，而不是仅仅进行筛查。另一个重要的修订是强调用户不需要的筛查测试，而不是仅仅告诉他们需要进行哪些筛查测试。还为注意力有限的用户添加了快速评估模式。定量数据显示，在使用 ScreenMen 后，23 名男性中有 8 名（35%）计划提前进行筛查。此外，在使用 ScreenMen 后，12 名处于未考虑阶段的男性中有 4 名（33%）转变为考虑或准备阶段，P=.13。在可用性方面，76.4（SD 7.72）的平均 SUS 得分表明 ScreenMen 具有良好的可用性。
本研究表明，ScreenMen 在实用性和易用性方面受到男性的认可。初步数据表明，ScreenMen 可能会增加男性进行筛查的意愿。本文还介绍了从测试阶段中获得的重要经验教训，这对于公共卫生专家和研究人员开发以用户为中心的移动网络应用程序很有帮助。
