Bonansea Rocío Inés, Marino Damián J G, Bertrand Lidwina, Wunderlin Daniel A, Amé María Valeria
Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2017 Jul;36(7):1764-1774. doi: 10.1002/etc.3613. Epub 2016 Oct 28.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accumulation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos when the fish Jenynsia multidentata was exposed to these pesticides singly and in technical and commercial mixtures. Adult female fish were exposed over 96 h to 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin; 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos; 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin + 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos in a technical mixture; and 0.04 μg/L of cypermethrin + 0.4 μg/L of chlorpyrifos in a mixture of commercial products. Fish exposed to cypermethrin accumulated this compound only in muscle, probably because of the low biotransformation capacity of this organ and the induction of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) expression in the liver. The accumulation of chlorpyrifos occurred in fish exposed to the insecticide (intestine > liver > gills) even when these fish had higher gluthatione-S-transferase (GST) activity in gills and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in the liver, compared with the control. Fish exposed to the technical mixture showed cypermethrin accumulation (liver > intestine > gills) with higher levels than those measured in fish after only cypermethrin exposure. Higher expression levels of CYP1A1 in the liver were also observed compared with the Control. Fish exposed to the commercial mixture accumulated both insecticides (cypermethrin: intestine > gills and chlorpyrifos: liver > intestine > gills > muscle). In the organs where accumulation occurred, biotransformation enzymes were inhibited. Consequently, the commercial formulation exposure provoked the highest accumulation of cypermethrin and chlorpyrifos in J. multidentata, possibly associated with the biotransformation system inhibition. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1764-1774. © 2016 SETAC.
本研究的目的是评估当多齿珍妮丽鱼单独暴露于氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱，以及暴露于其工业和商业混合物时，这两种农药在鱼体内的累积情况。成年雌鱼在96小时内暴露于0.04μg/L的氯氰菊酯；0.4μg/L的毒死蜱；工业混合物中0.04μg/L的氯氰菊酯 + 0.4μg/L的毒死蜱；以及商业产品混合物中0.04μg/L的氯氰菊酯 + 0.4μg/L的毒死蜱。暴露于氯氰菊酯的鱼仅在肌肉中累积了这种化合物，这可能是由于该器官的生物转化能力较低以及肝脏中细胞色素P4501A1（CYP1A1）表达的诱导。即使与对照组相比，暴露于杀虫剂的鱼鳃中谷胱甘肽 - S - 转移酶（GST）活性较高且肝脏中P - 糖蛋白（P - gp）表达较高，但毒死蜱仍在暴露于该杀虫剂的鱼体内累积（肠道 > 肝脏 > 鳃）。暴露于工业混合物的鱼体内氯氰菊酯的累积情况为（肝脏 > 肠道 > 鳃），且累积水平高于仅暴露于氯氰菊酯的鱼。与对照组相比，肝脏中CYP1A1的表达水平也更高。暴露于商业混合物的鱼体内两种杀虫剂均有累积（氯氰菊酯：肠道 > 鳃；毒死蜱：肝脏 > 肠道 > 鳃 > 肌肉）。在发生累积的器官中，生物转化酶受到抑制。因此，商业制剂暴露导致多齿珍妮丽鱼体内氯氰菊酯和毒死蜱的累积量最高，这可能与生物转化系统受到抑制有关。《环境毒理学与化学》2017年；36:1764 - 1774。© 2016 SETAC。
