a Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology , University of Allahabad , Allahabad , India.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2019 Sep;42(5):463-470. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1410171. Epub 2017 Dec 20.
In the present study, the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate, OP) and cypermethrin (a pyrethroid) pesticides was estimated for 96 h in . The LC for chlorpyrifos (CPF) and cypermethrin was found to be 1.90 mg/L and 0.085 mg/L, respectively. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) activity in exposed to both the insecticides was assayed in brain, muscle and gills. In general, tissue specific as well as dose-dependent decrease in the AChE activity was exhibited by both pesticides. In response to the increasing concentrations of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin as well, a significant decrease in the activity of AChE was found in brain while muscle and gills exhibited lesser inhibition. Thus, the brain was the main target organ for both insecticides, followed by muscle and gills. Between the two pesticides chlorpyrifos acted as more potent AChE inhibitor than cypermethrin since more intense changes in behavioral pattern was observed with the chlorpyrifos. These changes indicate that the effects of these pesticides are at neural as well as neuromuscular level.
在本研究中，测定了氯氰菊酯（一种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂）和毒死蜱（一种有机磷类杀虫剂）在 96 小时内的急性毒性。氯氰菊酯（CPF）和氯氰菊酯的 LC 分别为 1.90 mg/L 和 0.085 mg/L。测定了暴露于这两种杀虫剂的 脑中、肌肉中和鳃中的乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE，EC 3.1.1.7）活性。总的来说，这两种杀虫剂都表现出组织特异性和剂量依赖性的 AChE 活性降低。随着氯氰菊酯和氯氰菊酯浓度的增加，大脑中的 AChE 活性显著降低，而肌肉和鳃的抑制作用较小。因此，大脑是这两种杀虫剂的主要靶器官，其次是肌肉和鳃。在这两种杀虫剂中，氯氰菊酯比氯氰菊酯更能有效地抑制 AChE，因为氯氰菊酯引起了更明显的行为模式变化。这些变化表明，这些杀虫剂的作用既在神经水平，也在神经肌肉水平。
