Persistent Organic Pollutants Group. Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Persistent Organic Pollutants Group. Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Environ Res. 2017 Jan;152:199-206. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.10.018. Epub 2016 Oct 26.
The bioaccumulation behavior of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) was examined in three horticultural crops and earthworms. Two species, spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), were grown in field soil amended with a single application of biosolids (at agronomic rate for nitrogen), to represent the scenario using commercial biosolids as fertilizer, and the third crop, corn (Zea mays) was grown in spiked soil (~50mg PFOS/kg soil, ~5mg Deca-BDE/kg soil and a mixture of both, ~50mg PFOS and ~5mg Deca-BDE/kg soil) to represent a worst-case scenario. To examine the bioaccumulation in soil invertebrates, earthworms (Eisenia andrei) were exposed to the spiked soil where corn had been grown. PFASs and HFRs were detected in the three crops and earthworms. To evaluate the distribution of the compounds in the different plant tissues, transfer factors (TFs) were calculated, with TF values higher for PFASs than PBDEs in all crop plants: from 2 to 9-fold in spinach, 2 to 34-fold in tomato and 11 to 309-fold in corn. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values in earthworms were also higher for PFASs (4.06±2.23) than PBDEs (0.02±0.02).
研究了全氟烷基物质 (PFASs) 和卤代阻燃剂 (HFRs) 在三种园艺作物和蚯蚓中的生物累积行为。两种作物，菠菜 (Spinacia oleracea) 和番茄 (Solanum lycopersicum L.)，在添加单一生物污泥（按氮的农业用量）的田间土壤中种植，以代表使用商业生物污泥作为肥料的情况，第三种作物玉米 (Zea mays) 在添加土壤中（50mg PFOS/kg 土壤，5mg 十溴联苯醚/kg 土壤和两者的混合物，50mg PFOS 和5mg 十溴联苯醚/kg 土壤）种植，以代表最坏情况。为了研究土壤无脊椎动物中的生物累积，将蚯蚓（Eisenia andrei）暴露于玉米生长的添加土壤中。在三种作物和蚯蚓中均检测到了 PFASs 和 HFRs。为了评估化合物在不同植物组织中的分布，计算了转移因子 (TFs)，所有作物植物中 PFASs 的 TF 值均高于 PBDEs：菠菜中为 2 至 9 倍，番茄中为 2 至 34 倍，玉米中为 11 至 309 倍。蚯蚓中的生物累积因子 (BAF) 值也高于 PBDEs (4.06±2.23)。
