Ono Sachiko, Kabashima Kenji
Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho Meneki Gakkai Kaishi. 2016;39(5):448-454. doi: 10.2177/jsci.39.448.
The skin is one of the largest organs in the human body, which acts as the primary interface with the external world. In view of its protective role, mammalian skin consists of physical and immunological barriers. The water-impermeable stratum corneum and the tight junctions in the granular layer work at the epidermal level work as the most important first and second "physical" barriers. Upon antigen invasion to the skin, the integrated innate and acquired immune systems in both the epidermis and dermis are activated in a coordinated manner to neutralize the external intruder as the strong third "immunological" barriers. Dendritic cells and macrophages are known to play pivotal roles in such immunological barriers. Intra-vital analysis of the murine skin by two-photon microscopy enabled us to assess the habituate and the direct interactions of various cells in the skin in situ, which reside or infiltrate upon inflammation. We introduce the recent works how dendritic cells and macrophages orchestrate the skin immunity, highlighting the importance of sequential leucocyte cluster formation in the efficient activation of memory T cells in the skin, which can be attributed as 'inducible skin-associated lymphoid tissue (iSALT)'.
皮肤是人体最大的器官之一，是与外界的主要界面。鉴于其保护作用，哺乳动物的皮肤由物理屏障和免疫屏障组成。不透水的角质层和颗粒层中的紧密连接在表皮水平发挥作用，是最重要的第一和第二“物理”屏障。当抗原侵入皮肤时，表皮和真皮中整合的先天性和获得性免疫系统会协同激活，作为强大的第三“免疫”屏障来中和外部入侵者。已知树突状细胞和巨噬细胞在这种免疫屏障中起关键作用。通过双光子显微镜对小鼠皮肤进行活体分析，使我们能够在原位评估皮肤中各种细胞的习性以及直接相互作用，这些细胞在炎症时驻留或浸润。我们介绍了最近关于树突状细胞和巨噬细胞如何协调皮肤免疫的研究，强调了在皮肤中高效激活记忆T细胞过程中顺序性白细胞簇形成的重要性，这可归因于“诱导性皮肤相关淋巴组织（iSALT）”。
